A Scoping Review of the Healthcare and Hygiene Literature for Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Abstract

Objectives Previous reviews highlight the similarities in teaching healthcare and hygiene routines to individuals with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities. Additionally, similar interventions are used when interfering behaviors occur. Although these routines are topographically distinct, there are enough similarities to suggest effective procedures for one routine may be used to inform another. This scooping review aims to identify effective teaching and intervention procedures for healthcare and hygiene routines specifically for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. We also evaluated the extent to which functional analyses were conducted; a dimension not included in previous reviews. Methods Eligible articles targeted compliance or tolerance within the context of a defined healthcare or hygiene routine as a dependent variable and used an experimental design with a demonstration of experimental control. Articles were identified through PsycINFO, PubMed, and Academic Search Premier databases. Additionally, a hand search of five related journals was conducted. Data were collected on dependent variables, functional analyses, baseline contingencies, teaching procedures, and additional experimental components. Results A total of 52 articles met inclusion criteria. Most experiments produced positive outcomes. The findings show all experiments involved a treatment package with multiple components. The most common teaching procedures were graduated exposure and DRA. A lack of functional analyses and social validity was noted. Conclusions Component analyses are needed to identify the most effective and efficient procedures. Pyramidal training to teach medical professionals how to provide preventative pyramidal training should be explored. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41252-022-00249-7.

Relato de caso de uma intervenção comportamental para adesão ao corte de cabelo em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista

“…Intervenções comportamentais demonstram-se úteis no aumento da adesão em rotinas essenciais de higiene e saúde (Jennings et al, 2022). Diversas variáveis podem afetar a confiabilidade dos resultados deste relato.…”

Differential Reinforcement Without Extinction and Stimulus Fading to Teach Tolerance of a Sleep Study

“…Individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities may also engage in challenging behaviors which could also serve as a contributing factor to incomplete or failed medical procedures and future avoidance of them (Jennings et al, 2022). The prevalence of challenging behavior ranges from 48 to 60% in school-age children with intellectual or developmental disabilities and up to 90% for school-age children with ASD (Simó-Pinatella et al, 2019).…”