A sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) polysaccharide improves the gut microbiome to alleviate the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Goto-Kakizaki rats

Zhao, Fuqiang; Liu, Qibing; Cao, Jun; Xu, Yunsheng; Pei, Zhisheng; Fan, Haofei; Yuan, Yiqiong; Shen, Xuanri; Li, Chuan

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.110886

Cited by 80 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[41]. Deficiency in SCFA production has been associated with diseases, including T2D, and butyrate supplementation prevented insulin resistance and obesity in mice [32,42]. These results suggested RA treatment might increase Ruminococcus abundance to alleviate metabolic disturbance in T2D rats via promoting SCFA production in the intestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Yan

Yao

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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Rotundic acid (RA) is a major triterpene constituent in the barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, which have been widely used to make herbal tea for health care in southern China. RA has a variety of bioactivities such as anti-inflammation and lipid-lowering effect. However, little is known about the effects and mechanisms of RA on metabolic disturbance in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its effect on gut microbiota. A T2D rat model induced by high fat diet (HFD) feeding and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection was employed and RA showed multipronged effects on T2D and its complications, including improving glucolipid metabolism, lowering blood pressure, protecting against cardiovascular and hepatorenal injuries, and alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, 16s rRNA gene sequencing was carried out on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform and RA treatment could restore the gut microbial dysbiosis in T2D rats to a certain extent. RA treatment significantly enhanced the richness and diversity of gut microbiota. At the genus level, beneficial or commensal bacteria Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Leuconostoc and Streptococcus were significantly increased by RA treatment, while RA-treated rats had a lower abundance of opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella and Proteus. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the abundances of these bacteria were strongly correlated with various biochemical parameters, suggesting that the improvement of gut microbiota might help to prevent or attenuate T2D and its complication. In conclusion, our findings support RA as a nutraceutical agent or plant foods rich in this compound might be helpful for the alleviation of T2D and its complications through improving gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Yan

Yao

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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“…High abundance of these acetic acid-producing bacteria contributed to the production of acetic acid in diabetic rats compared to normal rats. Although the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum were observed significantly increased in diabetic rats and patients (47)(48)(49)(50), these genera were considered as the important functional phylotype of metabolic dysbiosis in a number of studies (7,51). Further studies are needed to investigate the roles of these bacteria in the development of T2D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not all dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes

Nie

Gao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background High intake of dietary fiber was found to be inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), whereas the difference among different dietary fibers on T2D is still not clear.Results Here we investigated the effects of 9 types of dietary fiber on type 2 diabetic rats. we found supplementation with β-glucan, arabinogalactan, guar gum, apple pectin, glucomannan, arabinoxylan (especially β-glucan and arabinogalactan treatment) significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose, whereas carrageenan, xylan and xanthan gum had no effect on glycemic control in rats with T2D. Fibers with hypoglycemic effects associated with the increased butyric acid level and abundance of beneficial bacteria (Anaeroplasma, Parabacteroides and some butyric acid-producing bacteria), as well as improved host metabolism by decreasing 12α-hydroxylated bile acids, acylcarnitines and amino acids (leucine, phenylalanine, citrulline, and etc.). It was also found that only β-glucan can attenuate insulin resistance in T2D via down-regulation of Prevotella copri mediated branched chain amino acids biosynthesis.Conclusions not all dietary fibers were able to improve T2D, which mainly relied on the improvement of composition and functions of gut microbiota.

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“…Holothuria leucospilota, as an edible tropical sea cucumber species, could improve glucose metabolism by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota on diabetic GK rats, including increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as Bacteroidetes, TM7, Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes) and SCFA-producing species of gut microbiota (such as Clostridium, Turicibacter, Allobaculum and Ruminococcus) and decreasing the conditional pathogenic bacteria (such as Anaerobiospirillum, Collinsella and Treponema). 115 Pumpkin polysaccharide also could enrich key species of Bacteroidetes, Prevotella, Deltaproteobacteria, Oscillospira, Veillonellaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Sutterella and Bilophila, leading to an increase of SCFA production in diabetic rats. 116 Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan treatment alleviated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in mice by increasing the relative abundances of SCFAs-producing bacteria, such as Bilophila, Oscillibacter, Mucispirillum, especially Alloprevotella.…”

Section: Traditional Chinese Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights of Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine on Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes

Chen¹,

Wang²

2021

DDDT

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Human microbiota, which is regarded as a "hidden organ", plays an important role in the initiation and development of T2DM. In addition, antihyperglycemic agents and traditional Chinese medicine may affect the composition of gut microbiota and consequently improve glucose metabolism. However, the relationship between gut microbiota, T2DM and anti-hyperglycemic agents or traditional Chinese medicine is poorly understood. In this review, we summarized pre-clinical and clinical studies to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism. Some anti-hyperglycemic agents and traditional Chinese medicine may partly exert hypoglycemic effects by altering the gut microbiota composition in ways that reduce metabolic endotoxemia, maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier, promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), decrease trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and regulate bile acid metabolism. In conclusion, gut microbiota may provide some new therapeutic targets for treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.

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A sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) polysaccharide improves the gut microbiome to alleviate the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Goto-Kakizaki rats

Cited by 80 publications

References 37 publications

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Rotundic Acid Protects against Metabolic Disturbance and Improves Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Rats

Not all dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes

New Insights of Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine on Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes

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