A secure gray-scale image watermarking technique in fractional DCT domain using zig-zag scrambling

Sisaudia, Varsha; Vishwakarma, Virendra P.

doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2022.103296

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another experiment was conducted using lena, pepper, and boat as the carrier images to evaluate the NC values of the extracted watermark under diferent attacks, including Gaussian noise (variance 0.001), salt and pepper noise (density 0.001), cropping (25% center, 25% rows, and 50% rows), and JPEG compression (compression factor 70 and 60). Te results were compared with those of references [46,47], as shown in Table 8.…”

Section: Robustness Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the BER values of the extracted watermark were evaluated under attacks such as Gaussian noise (variance of 0.001 and 0.1), salt and pepper noise (density of 0.01), cropping (25% rows and 50% rows), JPEG compression (compression factors of 80), median fltering (window size 3 × 3), and average fltering (window size 3 × 3). Te results were compared with those of references [46,48], as presented in Table 9.…”

Section: Robustness Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Image Robust Watermarking Method Based on DWT-SVD Transform and Chaotic Map

Wu,

Dong,

Wang

2024

Complexity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The existing watermarking algorithms make it difficult to balance the invisibility and robustness of the watermark. This paper proposes a robust image watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), and chaotic maps. This method is a semiblind watermarking method. First, a chaotic logistic-tent map is introduced, employing an extensive chaotic parameter domain. This map is amalgamated with Arnold’s transformation to encrypt the watermark image, thereby bolstering the security of the watermark information. Subsequently, the frequency domain is obtained by applying DWT to the carrier image. Embedding watermarks in the frequency domain ensures the invisibility of the watermark, with a preference for a high-frequency subband after the DWT of the carrier image for enhanced watermark robustness. SVD is then applied to both the high-frequency subband of the carrier image after DWT and the encrypted watermark image. The final step involves embedding the singular values of the encrypted watermark image into the carrier image’s singular values, thereby completing the watermark information embedding process. In simulation experiments, an invisibility test was conducted on various carrier images, yielding peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) values consistently exceeding 43, and structural similarity (SSIM) close to 1. Robustness testing against various types of attacks resulted in normalized correlation (NC) values consistently surpassing 0.9, with bit error rate (BER) values approaching 0. In conclusion, the proposed algorithm satisfies imperceptibility requirements while demonstrating formidable robustness.

show abstract

Section: Robustness Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Robustness Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image Robust Watermarking Method Based on DWT-SVD Transform and Chaotic Map

Wu,

Dong,

Wang

2024

Complexity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chaos is widely used and highly respected in the field of image encryption due to its unpredictability, pseudorandomness, and high sensitivity to initial values. At present, a variety of encryption methods have been proposed, including quantum cipher [13][14][15], bit-level encryption [16][17][18], discrete wavelet transform [19][20][21], thumbnail-preserving encryption [22][23][24], biological coding [25][26][27], discrete cosine transform [28][29][30], Fourier transform [31][32][33], chaos theory [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and so on [41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-domain image encryption based on IWT and 3D S-box

Wen,

Feng,

Bai

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most of the existing spatial domain image encryption techniques suffer from the difficulty of resisting cryptographic attacks. For this reason, this paper proposes a frequency-domain based digital image encryption scheme by combining Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT), three-dimensional S-box and chaotic system. Firstly, the plaintext image is decomposed into different frequency subbands by IWT to map the digital image from spatial domain to frequency domain. Second, the plaintext hash value is selected as the dynamic key, and dynamic chaotic pseudo-random sequences with associations are generated, which are used for the encryption of each module respectively. Then, a three-dimensional S-box is designed to encrypt the information-rich low-frequency information using ``bit-permutation three-dimensional S-box substitution ciphertext interleaved diffusion'', while the high-frequency information is encrypted using a lightweight ``XOR-row column permutation'' operation. Finally, the secure ciphertext for public channel transmission is obtained by the reconstruction method. the scheme of this paper, the frequency domain transformation is implemented through IWT, which enhances the ability to resist attacks. In addition, each encryption module employs a closed-loop feedback mechanism, thus the algorithm has the ability to resist plaintext attacks. Theoretical analysis and empirical results show that the algorithm has excellent numerical statistical analysis results, These findings confirm that the proposed method exhibits good confusion, diffusion, and avalanche effects and can withstand a variety of popular cryptographic attacks. Given that frequency domain picture encryption is a preferred high-security technique for safeguarding the privacy of digital photographs, it is a workable solution for practical applications.

show abstract

“…Therefore, the utilization of image encryption techniques can effectively prevent important data from being leaked during transmission. Many encryption methods have been proposed, such as quantum cipher [1][2][3], thumbnail-preserving encryption [4][5][6][7], biological coding [8][9][10], discrete wavelet transform [11][12][13], discrete cosine transform [14][15][16], bit-level encryption [17][18][19], Fourier transform [20][21][22], chaos theory [23][24][25], and so on [26][27][28]. Moreover, the unpredictability, pseudo-randomness, and high sensitivity to initial values of chaos make it the most effective and widely used approach for image encryption algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic RNA Coding Color Image Cipher Based on Chain Feedback Structure

Wen

Kang

et al. 2023

Mathematics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a dynamic RNA-encoded color image encryption scheme based on a chain feedback structure. Firstly, the color pure image is decomposed into red, green, and blue components, and then a chaotic sequence based on plaintext association is introduced to encrypt the red component. Secondly, the intermediate ciphertext is obtained by diffusion after encryption by bit-level permutation, RNA dynamic encoding, RNA dynamic operation rules, and RNA dynamic decoding. Finally, to enhance the security of the image cryptosystem, the green and blue components of the image are repeatedly encrypted using the chain encryption mechanism associated with the intermediate ciphertext to obtain the color cryptographic image. In this paper, a 2D-SFHM chaotic system is used to provide pseudo-random chaotic sequences, and its initial key is calculated by combining the hash function and external parameters of the image, and the one-time ciphertext encryption strategy causes the proposed encryption to effectively resist cryptographic attacks. Experimental results and security analysis show that our encryption algorithm has excellent encryption effects and security performance against various typical attacks.

show abstract

A secure gray-scale image watermarking technique in fractional DCT domain using zig-zag scrambling

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Image Robust Watermarking Method Based on DWT-SVD Transform and Chaotic Map

Image Robust Watermarking Method Based on DWT-SVD Transform and Chaotic Map

Frequency-domain image encryption based on IWT and 3D S-box

Dynamic RNA Coding Color Image Cipher Based on Chain Feedback Structure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About