A self-encapsulated porous Sb–C nanocomposite anode with excellent Na-ion storage performance

Abstract

In this study, a self-encapsulated Sb–C nanocomposite as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) was successfully synthesised using an SbCl3–citrate complex precursor, followed by a drying and calcination process under an inert N2 atmosphere.

Highly microporous SbPO4/BCx hybrid anodes for sodium-ion batteries

“…The strong attachment would benefit the charge transfer between SbPO 4 and the BC x matrix and retain the integrity of the electrode upon cycling, thereby improving the cycling stability and rate capability. 14,15,25 The XRD patterns in Fig. 3d To examine the crystallinity of the BC x matrix, Raman spectra of the SbPO 4 /BC x , Sb/BC x and Sb/C samples are recorded (Fig.…”

“…36 This porous structure inhibits the volume expansion of the electrode upon cycling by providing sufficient vacant sites and enables better ion transport through the electrolyte to the active material. 25 The electrochemical performance of the SbPO 4 /BC x hybrid anode for SIBs was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic discharge-charge cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Fig.…”

Effect of carbonization temperature on the lithium storage performances of porous Sb/C nanocomposite

“…As a result, the O element was frequently detected for the synthesized cabonaceous materials. [2,13] This indicated that, in the present work, the surface of C present in the Sb/C-600 composite was functionalized during the synthesis process.…”

“…The complete covering of the C layer ensured the good electrical contact among the Sb active material particles. [13] Remarkably, the presence of O element was still detected although the sample was deaerated under high vaccum condition prior to TEM-EDS measurement, and the Sb2O3 phase in the Sb/C-600 composite was no longer detected by XRD. According to the previous report, [7] the presence of O element in the Sb/C-600 sample possibly results from its highly porous structure, which easily adsorbed oxygen from the air on the surface of the material.…”

Revealing Quasi-1D Volume Expansion in Na-/K-Ion Battery Anodes: A Case Study of Sb 2 O 3 Microbelts

“…As exhibited in Figure 4h, in comparison with the previously reported Sb-based full cell, the rate capability of the Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 @C/Sb 2 O 3 @RGO is comparable. [28][29][30] For the full cell based on the total mass of the anode and cathode materials, a practical energy density of 152.1 Wh Kg −1 and power density of 975.4 W Kg −1 was achieved. Furthermore, although with increasing current density, the outputted medium voltage has no obvious decrease, suggesting good rate capability (Supporting Information Figure S27).…”