A Self-Referencing Intensity Based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensor for Liquid Detection

Montero, D. S.; Vázquez, Carmen; Mollers, I.; Arrué, J.; Jäger, D.

doi:10.3390/s90806446

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Both the simulated [39] and the experimentally measured K results are congruent and show a good agreement between theory and measurements. power transmitted through the fiber, in the field of paramotoring and paragliding, fuel tanks are placed separately enough thus the motor heating source does not affect to the fuel tank and, consequently, to the sensor head.…”

Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensosupporting

confidence: 69%

“…A photograph of the manufactured sensor device is shown in Fig. (2b) [39]. (1) where is the angle of incidence for a certain beam with the normal to the core surface and is the critical angle defined as , being and the core and cladding refractive indices, respectively.…”

Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement errors are given as standard deviation and are, in all cases, at least one order of magnitude below the average value of K when it changes, depending on the surrounding liquid. Moreover, the independence of the sensor against hypothetical link losses due to its intrinsic self-referencing characteristic has also been tested [39]. From a nominal coupling ratio of K=0.54 a maximum deviation of K = ±0.002 is obtained.…”

Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity-Based Optical Systems for Fluid Level Detection

Vázquez

Montero²

2012

EEENG

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Abstract:In this work different patented optical sensing solutions are reviewed, mostly for their application of measuring fluid level within tanks, containers or bio-mass boilers in condominiums, thus providing an intrinsically safe sensing sce-nario within harsh and hazardous environments, due to the passive nature of light. In general, the intensity modulation of the light is very attractive since it is simple in concept, reliable, and can produce optical sensors which offer a wide range of applications at lower costs, thus facilitating their final commercialization and market spread. The optical sensing solu-tions discussed in this work include a fiber-optic sensor for fluid detection/level with intrinsic self-referencing property thus solving one of the main drawbacks when using intensity-based sensors, namely the undesirable and unexpected opti-cal power fluctuations when operating. Moreover, a low-cost intensity-based POF sensor for fuel level measurements in paramotoring and powered paragliding is presented. It features a very simple and a very low-cost solution for these sports, attending the increasing demand of new and more sophisticated embedded sensors in the flight instrumental. Going on from this, a fiber-optic fluid level sensor for a range greater than 2m is described. The system uses a single lens and a sin-gle fiber but being possible to increase the measuring safety area by optical multiplexing. Finally, a fluid level sensor based on a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), which includes a temperature control scheme, is presented. Its final embodi-ment design is also shown and described.

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Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensosupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Self-referencing Intensity-based Polymer Optical Fiber Sensomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity-Based Optical Systems for Fluid Level Detection

Vázquez

Montero²

2012

EEENG

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“…POFs offer advantages of low cost, easy handling, lightweight, large numerical aperture, and so on in comparison with the glass optical fibers (GOFs) [12,13]. Most multipoint liquid level sensors are intensity based and achieved by the POFs in different structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multipoint Liquid Level Sensor Based on Two Twisted Polymer Optical Fibers in a Race-Track Helical Structure

et al. 2018

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A multipoint liquid level sensor based on the RI modulation of macrobend polymer optical fiber (POF) couplers is proposed. By twinning two twisted POFs around a race-track column, a series of U-shaped sensing heads are achieved. The output power in the passive fiber declines in a step form while the sensing heads are immersed into liquid in turn. The introduction of UV optical cement in the gap between two POFs improves the side-coupling ratio, increasing the attenuation per step. For the measurement range of 100 cm, the resolution is 2 cm. The sensor can differentiate different liquids with low temperature dependence.

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“…Some proposed sensors are based on frustration of total internal reflection [4], light generation [5] and Fiber Bragg Grating wavelengths shifts [6]. The amplitude temperature sensors usually are cheaper than the phase modulation sensors but they need to use a reference technique to avoid false readings caused by fluctuations of the light source or other undesired losses [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%