A semi-automated approach to stowage planning for Ro-Ro ships

Sun, Xiaofeng; Wang, Senhao; Wang, Zhizhou; Chunlei, Liu; Yin, Yixin

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.110648

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Among them, Constraint (2) indicates that the total loaded area of the vehicle cannot exceed the deck area; Constraint (3) indicates that the total loaded weight of the vehicle cannot exceed the deck load; Constraint (4) indicates that the vehicle loading cannot exceed the lateral moment requirement of the deck. Constraints (5)(6)(7)(8) indicate that vehicles must be placed in the deck loading area and that different vehicle positions cannot overlap.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They used greedy random adaptive search algorithm and adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm to solve the loading problem of single-layer decks of large-scale Ro-Ro ship during multi-port loading and unloading. Sun et al [7] abstracted the loading problem of large Ro-Ro ships as finding the optimal layout of vehicles to be load-ed within the limited area of the ship's internal deck, maximizing the utilization of the deck.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A heuristic approach to stowage planning for ro-ro ships

Zhu,

Shi

2024

Seventh International Conference on Traffic Engineering and Transportation System (ICTETS 2023)

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With the continuous growth of the oversea automobile market, the freight rate rise and capacity shortage have occurred in the commercial vehicle market. In order to meet the export demand, many automobile companies began to order Rollon/Roll-off (Ro-Ro) Ships shipbuilding, hoping to control the transport capacity by establishing their own fleet. Stowage planning for Ro-Ro Ships is critical to ensure safety at sea. In order to improve the efficiency and safety of the stowage planning for Ro-Ro Ships, this paper presents an automatic stowage planning model. This model combines the improved discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm and the lowest horizontal line search algorithm as the encoding and decoding operations. The algorithm efficiently provides the deck stowage plan of the specialized ship, meeting different loading requirements. Finally, the algorithm proposed in this paper is compared with the improved genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm through simulation, proving that the algorithm can make reasonable stowage plans while ensuring the safety requirements of ship navigation, and preliminarily solve the automatic loading problem of large-scale Ro-Ro ships.

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Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A heuristic approach to stowage planning for ro-ro ships

Zhu,

Shi

2024

Seventh International Conference on Traffic Engineering and Transportation System (ICTETS 2023)

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“…Many studies have been devoted to the loading and stability of sea vessels, for example [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. However, research of the dynamics and better safety of railway vehicles during over-sea transportation have not been thoroughly studied.…”

Section: Review Of the Research And Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Strength of Rail Vehicles Transported by a Ferry Considering the Influence of Sea Waves on Its Hull

Lovska,

Gerlici,

Dižo

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The article presents the results of a determination of the load attributed to rail vehicles transported by a ferry, considering the influence of sea waves on its hull. A mathematic model describing the displacements of a train ferry, which transported rail vehicles on its decks during rolling oscillations, was created. Calculated accelerations were used to identify the load of components from a dynamics point of view and they were subsequently applied as an input to the analysis of the strength of the open wagon main-bearing structure in a standard scheme of interaction with a train ferry deck. The calculated maximal equivalent stresses in the structure of the fastening units exceeded the valid permissible values. To confirm the theoretical results, experimental studies focused on the strength analysis of the open wagon placed on the railway ferry deck, which was performed in real operational conditions. Electrical voltage sensors were used to determine stress distribution in the areas where the body was attached to the deck. In this case, sensors of the strain gauges, i.e., tensiometers, were used. The base of 25 mm is a dimensional parameter and the resistance, 124 Ohms, is the tensiometer parameter. Verification has been performed and, based on the obtained experimental results, it has been established that the hypothesis’ adequacy is not rejected. The authors developed some measures for adaption of the lashing devices for rail cars on train ferries, which can ensure their safe transportation by sea. The strength calculation demonstrated that, in the new scheme of securing the transported railway vehicles on the railway train ferry, the stresses in its structure do not exceed the permissible values. The article also includes information about the results of the strength calculation of a container placed on a roll trailer transported by a train ferry. This research will contribute to the development of measures regarding the safety of railway vehicle transportation by sea ferry and better efficiency of train ferry transportation.

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“…It has a different load capacity measurement standard, such as DWT on cargo ships and TEU (Twenty Foot Equivalent Units) on container ships, the total loading length in lanes on Ro-Ro ships, or the total number of vehicles it transports (Sun et al, 2022). The greatest Pure Car Carrier (Höegh Target) is capable of transporting up to 8500 cars on fourteen distinct decks and is designed for trade between East Asia and Europe (Nieuwenhuis, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To prevent cargo space loss, tween decks are arranged to attain maximum loading capacity (Skoupas et al, 2009). In addition, two ramps, one at the bow and one at the stern, are utilized to complete loading and unloading in the shortest amount of time feasible (Sun et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electric Vehicle Transportation and Carbon Capture System on Concept Ro-Ro ship Stability and EEDI

GÖKSU,

BAYRAMOĞLU

2023

Marine Science and Technology Bulletin

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In terms of their service life, ships may operate for decades. Hence, it depicts the rapid development of machinery and equipment due to the substantial advancement of technology. Indeed, the ship’s systems must be updated to accommodate these new instruments. However, the importance of investigating the static-dynamic equilibrium and speed-power demand is a matter of concern as the ships are in motion on the water. There are currently limitations on carbon emissions from ships. To comply with these regulations, either the use of fuels that produce fewer carbon emissions or the use of after-treatment techniques to prevent the release of carbon into the atmosphere are employed. The difficulty of integrating any new system into an existing ship increases the scope of the renovation. This study compares the stability, speed-power, and EEDI values of today’s most popular electric vehicles while being transported on a concept Ro-Ro ship with and without a Carbon Capture System (CCS) ship. In the scenario where the ship transports both conventional and electric vehicles, the number of vehicles transported remains constant, but the effects of electric vehicles being heavier are illustrated. A ship with CCS and loaded with electric vehicles has 23.5% less maximum GZ than a regular ship with the traditional vehicles loaded condition by approximately 6% less at an angle of heeling. Also, the EEDI level is approximately one-twentieth of the conventional model, which is an advantage of CCS.

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A semi-automated approach to stowage planning for Ro-Ro ships

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

A heuristic approach to stowage planning for ro-ro ships

A heuristic approach to stowage planning for ro-ro ships

The Strength of Rail Vehicles Transported by a Ferry Considering the Influence of Sea Waves on Its Hull

Effect of Electric Vehicle Transportation and Carbon Capture System on Concept Ro-Ro ship Stability and EEDI

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