A sensitive and robust method for automated on-line monitoring of enzymatic activities in water and water resources

Paier, Manfred; Lendenfeld, T.; Correa, Katty Jessenia Celi; Stadler, Philipp; Blaschke, Alfred Paul; Mach, Robert L.; Stadler, Hermann; Kirschner, Alexander K. T.; Farnleitner, Andreas H.

doi:10.2166/wst.2014.032

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…β-D-Galactosidase (GAL) and β-D-Glucuronidase (GUS) have been used as marker enzymes in assays for E. coli [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] while Glucosidase has been used in assays for Enterococci. Of these target enzymes GUS is the most specific, being present in 94-97% of E. coli strains tested [9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ColiSense, today's sample today: A rapid on-site detection of β-d-Glucuronidase activity in surface water as a surrogate for E. coli

Heery

Briciu-Burghina

Zhang

et al. 2016

Talanta

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ab s t r a c t A sensitive field-portable fluorimeter with incubating capability and triplicate sample chambers was designed and built. The system was optimised for the on-site analysis of E. coli in recreational waters using fluorescent based enzyme assays. The target analyte was β-D-Glucuronidase (GUS) which hydrolyses a synthetic substrate 6-Chloro-4-Methyl-Umbelliferyl-β-D-Glucuronide (6-CMUG) to release the fluorescent molecule 6-Chloro-4-Methyl-Umbelliferyl (6-CMU). The system was calibrated with 6-CMU standards. A LOD of 5 nM and a resolution of less than 1 nM was determined while enzyme kinetic tests showed detection of activities below 1 pmol min 1 mL 1 of sample. A field portable sample preparation, enzyme extraction protocol and continuous assay were applied with the system to analyse freshwater and marine samples. Results from a one day field trial are shown which demonstrated the ability of the system to deliver results on-site within a 75 min period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ColiSense, today's sample today: A rapid on-site detection of β-d-Glucuronidase activity in surface water as a surrogate for E. coli

Heery

Briciu-Burghina

Zhang

et al. 2016

Talanta

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“…Incubation temperature of all tested prototypes was set to 44.0 ± 0.1 C according to George et al (2000). More information about incubation time, pH adjustment and calibration can be found in Ryzinska-Paier et al (2014) and Koschelnik et al (2015).…”

Section: Automated On-site Gluc Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent technological developments have brought automated on-site measurements of enzymatic activity within the reach of real time monitoring (Koschelnik et al, 2015;Ryzinska-Paier et al, 2014;Zibuschka et al, 2010). These studies have mainly been conducted for groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time monitoring of beta-d-glucuronidase activity in sediment laden streams: A comparison of prototypes

Stadler

Blöschl

Vogl³

et al. 2016

Water Research

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Detection of enzymatic activities has been proposed as a rapid surrogate for the culture-based microbiological pollution monitoring of water resources. This paper presents the results of tests on four fully automated prototype instruments for the on-site monitoring of beta-d-glucuronidase (GLUC) activity. The tests were performed on sediment-laden stream water in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL) during the period of March 2014 to March 2015. The dominant source of faecal pollution in the stream was swine manure applied to the fields within the catchment. The experiments indicated that instrument pairs with the same construction design yielded highly consistent results (R(2) = 0.96 and R(2) = 0.94), whereas the results between different designs were less consistent (R(2) = 0.71). Correlations between the GLUC activity measured on-site and culture-based Escherichia coli analyses over the entire study period yielded R(2) = 0.52 and R(2) = 0.47 for the two designs, respectively. The correlations tended to be higher at the event scale. The GLUC activity was less correlated with suspended sediment concentrations than with E. coli, which is interpreted in terms of indicator applicability and the time since manure application. The study shows that this rapid assay can yield consistent results over a long period of on-site operation in technically challenging habitats. Although the use of GLUC activity as a proxy for culture-based assays could not be proven for the observed habitat, the study results suggest that this biochemical indicator has high potential for implementation in early warning systems.

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“…Measurement of enzyme activities in water samples, like the β-D-galactosidase (GAL)-or β-D-glucuronidase (GLU) activity, is less complicated, and easy-to-use field kits and automated on-line instruments have been developed [7][8][9]. GAL activity is suggested as a rapid "early warning" indicator of gross sewage contamination [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of β-d-Galactosidase Activity as a Surrogate Parameter for Rapid Detection of Sewage Contamination in Urban Recreational Water

Tryland

Braathen

Wennberg

et al. 2016

Water

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Simple, automated methods are required for rapid detection of wastewater contamination in urban recreational water. The activity of the enzyme β-D-galactosidase (GAL) can rapidly (<2 h) be measured by field instruments, or a fully automated instrument, and was evaluated as a potential surrogate parameter for estimating the level of fecal contamination in urban waters. The GAL-activity in rivers, affected by combined sewer overflows, increased significantly during heavy rainfall, and the increase in GAL-activity correlated well with the increase in fecal indicator bacteria. The GAL activity in human feces (n = 14) was high (mean activity 7ˆ10 7 ppb MU/hour) and stable (1 LOG 10 variation), while the numbers of Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci varied by >5 LOG 10 . Furthermore, the GAL-activity per gram feces from birds, sheep and cattle was 2-3 LOG 10 lower than the activity from human feces, indicating that high GAL-activity in water may reflect human fecal pollution more than the total fecal pollution. The rapid method can only be used to quantify high levels of human fecal pollution, corresponding to about 0.1 mg human feces/liter (or 10 3 E. coli/100 mL), since below this limit GAL-activity from non-fecal environmental sources may interfere.

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A sensitive and robust method for automated on-line monitoring of enzymatic activities in water and water resources

Abstract: The realisation of a novel concept for automated on-line monitoring of enzymatic activities in water was successfully demonstrated by long-term field testing at two remote Austrian ground water

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

ColiSense, today's sample today: A rapid on-site detection of β-d-Glucuronidase activity in surface water as a surrogate for E. coli

ColiSense, today's sample today: A rapid on-site detection of β-d-Glucuronidase activity in surface water as a surrogate for E. coli

Real-time monitoring of beta-d-glucuronidase activity in sediment laden streams: A comparison of prototypes

Monitoring of β-d-Galactosidase Activity as a Surrogate Parameter for Rapid Detection of Sewage Contamination in Urban Recreational Water

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