“…Efforts have been made to develop novel diagnosis methods for viruses, using techniques such as atomic force microscopy (Meillan et al, 2014), interferometry (Ymeti et al, 2007) and electrochemistry (Lee et al, 2013;Wei et al, 2013), or by implementing components such as carbon nanotubes (Dias et al, 2013;Tam et al, 2009), silicon nanowires (Svendsen et al, 2011), liquid crystals (Han et al, 2014), microcavities (Dantham et al, 2012) and microfluidics (Connelly et al, 2012;Matatagui et al, 2013) into sensor systems. Many of these studies, as well as others in the field, have used antibodies as the recognition material for virus detection exploiting the high specificity between an antibody and its analyte as a detection system (Bianco et al, 2013;Altintas et al, 2011).…”