A Serological Survey of Canine Respiratory Coronavirus and Canine Influenza Virus in Korean Dogs

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The relationship between canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) and canine influenza virus (CIV) seropositivity in dogs in Korea was examined. Sixty-two of the 483 samples (12.8%) were seropositive for CRCoV by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) analysis. Nineteen animals were seropositive for CIV by ELISA out of the 385 samples tested. Serum antibodies for both viruses were detected in 6 of the 483 dogs sampled, suggesting that these viruses are present in dogs in Korea. Although the role of CRCoV in canine infectious tracheobronchitis has not been fully elucidated, co-infection with CIV may synergistically worsen respiratory clinical signs and result in more severe canine tracheobronchitis.

Simultaneous Detection of Canine Respiratory Disease Associated Viruses by a Multiplex Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

“…A recent study in South Korea reported CIRD in dogs caused by CIV (H3N2) and CRCoV [1,2]. Interestingly, in this study, we indentified four dogs co-infected with CIV and CDV and, one dog co-infected with CRCoV and CDV.…”

“…CIV H3N2 strain is associated with the development of acute respiratory disease in dogs, and is a novel pathogen for CIRD in South Korea and South China [18,25]. Serological surveys carried out in South Korea, Italy, U.K., Ireland, U.S.A. and Japan [2,6,7,22,24], have identified CRCoV as a worldwide pathogen found in the respiratory tract of dogs suffering from mild or severe respiratory disease. CDV is one of the most serious diseases in domestic dogs worldwide [11,13,14,16].…”

“…It is highly contagious, affects dogs of all ages and is associated with high morbidity and mortality [10,21]. All three viruses are present in South Korea, where 5.1% of dogs are seropositive for CIV and 12.8% are seropositive for CRCoV [2,17]. Using one step RT-PCR, CDV has been detected in 21-70% of clinical samples such as blood, urine, nasal swabs, and saliva [3,23].…”

Canine Influenza

“…20 Additional serologic testing on companion animals not linked to dog farms or kennels showed H3N2 antibody prevalence rates of less than 5%. 21,22 Even though the prevalence is at a low level, the data do indicate that an H3N2 influenza virus is infecting dogs in South Korea. At this time there are no reports of H3N2 infections in other parts of the world.…”

Serologic Reports of H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Infection in Dogs in Northeast China

“…All serum samples were treated with a receptor-destroying enzyme and absorbed with erythrocytes to remove nonspecific inhibitors before the assays. All samples were tested by Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) and Neutralization (NT) assays according to the manufacturer's instructions as previously reported [1,3,6,10]. HI titer≥40 and NT titer≥40 are considered seropositve and indicate previous infection.…”