A short history of MADS-box genes in plants

Theißen, Günter; Becker, Annette; Rosa, Alexandra Di; Kanno, Akira; Kim, Jan T.; Münster, Thomas; Winter, Kai-Uwe; Saedler, Heinz

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4221-2_6

Cited by 406 publications

(573 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…The other two PPM2-like genes, PPM1 and PpMADS1, also share these broad expression domains. Ubiquitous expression has generally been interpreted as an ancient feature of non-seed plant MIKC c MADS-box genes, reflecting putative "basal" gene functions (Theiβen et al, 2000).…”

Section: Ppm2 Belongs To a Small Family Of Mikc C Mads-box Genes In Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In seed plants MADS-box genes are involved in many different aspects of plant life (for review : Theiβen et al, 2000;Jack, 2001). Well known are MADS-box genes responsible for the definition of organ identity in angiosperm flowers; their functional interplay is summarized in combinatorial models based on the "ABC-model" of floral development (Coen & Meyerowitz, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The MADS-domain protein PPM2 preferentially occurs in gametangia and sporophytes of the moss Physcomitrella patens

Quodt

Faigl

Saedler

et al. 2007

Gene

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To date, the function of MADS-domain transcription factors in non-seed plants remains largely elusive, although a number of genes have been isolated and characterized from a variety of species. In our study we analyzed PPM2, a classical MIKC-type MADS-box gene from the moss Physcomitrella patens, taking advantage of the unique technical properties Physcomitrella offers in terms of efficient homologous recombination. We determined mRNA and protein distribution and performed targeted disruption of the genomic locus for functional analysis of PPM2. Despite weak ubiquitous expression, PPM2 protein is mostly found in male and female gametangia and basal parts of developing sporophytes. Therefore, PPM2 seems to function in both the haploid and the diploid phase of the moss life cycle. This situation reflects an evolutionary transition state of gene recruitment from an ancestral gametophytic generation into a derived sporophytic generation which became dominating in tracheophytes. However, a knock-out of the PPM2 gene did not cause visible phenotypical changes in the respective structures. The implications of our findings for the understanding of the evolutionary history of MADS-box transcription factors in plants are discussed.

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Section: Ppm2 Belongs To a Small Family Of Mikc C Mads-box Genes In Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MADS-domain protein PPM2 preferentially occurs in gametangia and sporophytes of the moss Physcomitrella patens

Quodt

Faigl

Saedler

et al. 2007

Gene

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“…From the list of genes involved in controlling reproductive growth, cycad ORTHOLOGS of the ABC lineage of MADS box genes, which in angiosperms are homeotic regulators of floral organogenesis (reviewed in [35]), await analysis in cycads. Orthologous B and C genes have been purified from the more-derived gymnosperms (Gnetales and Coniferales) [36,37]. The B ortholog is expressed in male organs, whereas the C ortholog is expressed in both male and female organs [38], which is similar to angiosperms.…”

Section: Molecular Studies In Cycadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycads: evolutionary innovations and the role of plant-derived neurotoxins

Brenner

Stevenson

Twigg

2003

Trends in Plant Science

153

137

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“…Duplication of AP3/DEF homologs has occurred in seed plants (Theissen et al 2000), within angiosperms at the base of the tricolpates (Kramer et al 1998), and, more recently, among lineages of basal angiosperms (Stellari et al 2004) and other tricolpate families such as Ranunculaceae (Kramer et al 2003).…”

Section: Pattern Of Duplication For Flo and Defmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co-orthologs of both genes (FLOA and FLOB, DEFA and DEFB) are expressed and appear functional in multiple taxa from these four families, and have been maintained within multiple lineages that diverged 30-50 mya (Wickstrom et al 2001). Significantly, duplicates of AP3/DEF from several points along the angiosperm phylogeny are known (Theissen et al 2000;Kramer et al 1998Kramer et al , 2003, although Lamiales represents an as yet novel case of ancient LFY/FLO paralogs (Cronk 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxed Selection Among Duplicate Floral Regulatory Genes in Lamiales

2006

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Abstract. Polyploidization is a prevalent mode of genome diversification within plants. Most gene duplicates arising from polyploidization (paralogs) are typically lost, although a subset may be maintained under selection due to dosage, partitioning of gene function, or acquisition of novel functions. Because they experience selection in the presence of other duplicate loci across the genome, interactions among genes may also play a significant role in the maintenance of paralogs resulting from polyploidization. Previously, we identified duplicates of the genes LFY/FLO and AP3/DEF that directly interact in a floral regulatory pathway and are thought to be the result of ancient polyploidization in the Lamiales (> 50 mya). Although duplicates of MADS box genes including AP3/DEF are common throughout the angiosperm lineage, LFY/FLO duplicates in Lamiales are the first reported outside of tetraploid taxa. In order to explore hypotheses for the joint preservation of these interacting floral regulatory genes including novel LFY/FLO paralogs, here we clone FLO and DEF duplicates from additional Lamiales taxa and apply codon substitution models to test how selection acts on both genes following duplication. We find acceleration in the ratio of nonsynonymous-to-synonymous nucleotide substitutions for one (FLO) or both (DEF) paralogs that appears to be due to relaxed purifying selection as opposed to positive selection and shows a different pattern among functional domains of these genes. Several mechanisms are discussed that might be responsible for preservation of co-orthologs of FLO and DEF in Lamiales, including interactions among the genes of this regulatory pathway.

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A short history of MADS-box genes in plants

Cited by 406 publications

References 113 publications

The MADS-domain protein PPM2 preferentially occurs in gametangia and sporophytes of the moss Physcomitrella patens

The MADS-domain protein PPM2 preferentially occurs in gametangia and sporophytes of the moss Physcomitrella patens

Cycads: evolutionary innovations and the role of plant-derived neurotoxins

Relaxed Selection Among Duplicate Floral Regulatory Genes in Lamiales

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