A signal from inside the peroxisome initiates its division by promoting the remodeling of the peroxisomal membrane

Abstract

We define the dynamics of spatial and temporal reorganization of the team of proteins and lipids serving peroxisome division. The peroxisome becomes competent for division only after it acquires the complete set of matrix proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Overloading the peroxisome with matrix proteins promotes the relocation of acyl-CoA oxidase (Aox), an enzyme of fatty acid β-oxidation, from the matrix to the membrane. The binding of Aox to Pex16p, a membrane-associated peroxin required for peroxisome biogenesis, initiates the biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the membrane. The formation of these two lipids and the subsequent transbilayer movement of DAG initiate the assembly of a complex between the peroxins Pex10p and Pex19p, the dynamin-like GTPase Vps1p, and several actin cytoskeletal proteins on the peroxisomal surface. This protein team promotes membrane fission, thereby executing the terminal step of peroxisome division.

Dynamin-related Protein 1 (Drp1) Promotes Structural Intermediates of Membrane Division

“…However, peroxisomal CL content is thought to be negligible (57,58). Interestingly, PA is enriched in maturated peroxisomes (59). In this context, our results reinforce the view that PA could play a role for Drp1 recruitment to peroxisomal membranes.…”

Topology of 1-Acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferases SLC1 and ALE1 and Related Membrane-bound O-Acyltransferases (MBOATs) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…Although this discrepancy may result from the different subcellular location, it may also be due to the relatively high protease resistance of the cytosolic part of Slc1p, and indeed, in the same conditions as used by these authors (50), yeast Slc1p also appears to be somewhat protease-resistant in intact microsomes (supplemental Fig. S3B).…”

Docosahexaenoic acid mediates peroxisomal elongation, a prerequisite for peroxisome division

“…Pex16p negatively regulates peroxisomal division in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (Guo et al, 2007). Interaction of Pex16p with AOx inside the peroxisome relieves this negative regulation and promotes peroxisome division (Guo et al, 2007).…”