A significant association of viral loads with corneal endothelial cell damage in cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis

Abstract

There is a significant correlation between the CMV viral load and corneal endothelial cell loss in both CMV-associated iridocyclitis and corneal endotheliitis.

A new era of uveitis: impact of polymerase chain reaction in intraocular inflammatory diseases

“…In fact, CMV DNA was detected by PCR in some, but not all, patients previously diagnosed as having Posner-Schlossman syndrome or Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis, suggesting that CMV is a causative agent of Posner-Schlossman syndrome and Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis. Although corneal endotheliitis was not evident in CMV-AU, corneal endothelial cell density in the affected eye was significantly lower than in the unaffected fellow eye in CMV-AU patients, and the intensity of corneal endothelial cell loss was significantly correlated with CMV viral load in the anterior aqueous humor [37].…”

“…The third step consists of the elongation step (Elongation) in which Taq polymerase (or another DNA polymerase) has its optimum activity temperature at around 72°C. The last step is the final elongation: the amplified target can be obtained after [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] However, multiplex PCR or any other qualitative PCR techniques cannot quantitatively measure copy number of genomic DNA. Given the extremely high sensitivity of PCR, positive results from qualitative PCR techniques can be false positives due to contamination.…”

“…A new era of uveitis: impact of polymerase chain reaction in intraocular inflammatory diseases 5 Corneal endotheliitis and iritis [26] Acute retinal necrosis [27], [11] HHV2 (HSV2) Acute retinal necrosis [43], [27], [11] HHV3 (varicella-zoster virus; VZV) Herpes zoster ophthalmicus/zoster sine herpete [31], [40] Acute retinal necrosis [28], [27], [11] HHV4 (Epstein-Barr virus; EBV) Anterior uveitis/pan-uveitis [55], [54], [53] Acute retinal necrosis [11] Intraocular lymphoma [56] HHV5 (cytomegalovirus; CMV Corneal endotheliitis [36], [35], [7], [37] Iritis (uveitis) [33], [6], [34] Cytomegalovirus retinitis [32] HHV6 Iritis (uveitis) [59], [61], [60] Endophthalmitis [60] Keratitis [61], [63], [60], [62] AIDS-associated retinitis [64] HHV7 Corneal endotheliitis and iritis [66] HHV8 Corneal endotheliitis and iritis [67] Kaposi's sarcoma (conjunctiva, ocular adnexa) [70] HHV1-8 Eight types of human herpes virus, AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome a These are representative references by PCR-associated papers…”

“…Genomic DNA of HSV [24][25][26][27], VZV [25,[28][29][30][31], and CMV [6,7,25,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38] has been detected by PCR in the aqueous humor of certain types of AU, corneal endotheliitis, and posterior uveitis with necrotizing retinitis (ARN and CMV retinitis).…”

“…Genomic DNA of CMV has been detected in patients with corneal endotheliitis with whitish keratic precipitates (KPs) and corneal edema and in patients with AU. The pathogenic role of CMV in these new diseases and clinical features has been investigated [6,7,[34][35][36][37][38][39].…”