as well as the impact of shifts of supply and demand. One such example comes from the chapter on dyeing. When it was discovered that cochineal larvae could be used for dyeing, many farmers shifted to cochineal breeding instead of subsistence farming. Rather than grow their own food, they bought it from others. This, of course, drove up prices of food, as well as animosity toward the cochineal producers. The chapter "Traders" offers a case study in monetary economics. It recounts the ways in which the fabric trade supported alternative currencies-currencies sometimes more stable than other commodity monies. The chapter describes the origin of bills of exchange, which often operated as a de facto fiat currency. But rather than being given their credibility by a state, the willingness of individuals to accept bills of exchange arose from the reputations of the banks or merchants issuing them. Postrel identifies that this is why so many historical textile merchants ended up as bankers.As illuminating as Fabric of Civilization is, it is not without its flaws. For starters, given the abundance of books that explain why this or that thing is central to understanding modern civilization, one could reasonably wonder how this book is different. Though Postrel thoroughly explains the ways in which textiles have contributed to society, she makes no attempt to differentiate advances in textile production from the spice trade, advances in metallurgy, or other technological advancements that were pivotal in their own right. Next, by focusing on the various components of the textile industry-thread, cloth, dye, consumers, and so forth-Postrel sacrifices chronology. Occasionally the historical story gets lost in the thematic presentation. Next, Postrel often refers to sumptuary regulations and how they restrict domestic consumption of textiles. Oddly, she never reconciles the fact that often it is the textile manufacturers who hold positions of power who enact the laws that directly hurt their economic interests. Finally, though Postrel addresses slavery in entirely negative language-"wrenching," "theft," "kidnapping," "brutal"some may find her condemnation underwhelming given slavery's role in the textile trade. Still, none of these shortcomings changes the fact that the book is a rewarding and engaging read that both informs and exhorts its reader to think differently than she might have before picking it up.Early in Fabric of Civilization Postrel paraphrases Arthur C. Clarke's famous adage about magic to instead read, "Any sufficiently familiar technology is indistinguishable from nature" (p.3). This familiarity means we often don't appreciate the important role textiles play in our lives. Nor do we dwell on how changes in the textile industry have transformed society. Upon finishing the book, it is difficult to disagree with the sentiment of textile historian Elizabeth Wayland Barber, "So powerful in fact is simple string in taming the world to human will and ingenuity that I suspect it to be the unseen weapon that allowed th...