A Simple Device for Producing Fluctuating Temperatures, with an Evaluation of the Ecological Significance of Fluctuating Temperatures1

Hagstrum, David W.; Hagstrum, William R.

doi:10.1093/aesa/63.5.1385

Cited by 97 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The mean daily temperature of the first cycle (15 • C ± 0,33) (4/22-5/19) was higher than that of the second cycle (13 • C ± 0.2) (5/19-6/15) (Figure 1). Maximum daily temperatures varied from 15…”

Section: Field Experimentmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In this study, for the calculation and graphical definition of the lower developmental threshold, developmental data from two constant temperatures were used (15 • C and 23…”

Section: Calculation Of Lower Developmental Threshold Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the developmental data of the two chambers with constant temperatures (15 • C and 23 • C), and an extrapolation after the line-fitting method [22], a "lower developmental threshold" of T 0 = 10.9…”

Section: Laboratory Experimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, growth is expected to be related to both duration and quantum of temperature above thresholds. Insects have frequently been shown to develop more rapidly, lay more eggs, suffer a lower mortality, or complete their life cycle within a wider temperature range when temperatures are fluctuating, like they predominate in the field, than at constant temperatures, as long as the maximum and minimum of the fluctuating temperature are within the optimal range of development for the organism [15][16][17]. While the effects of fluctuating versus constant temperatures have already been well studied, little is currently known about the effects of short periods of heating for larval development and for the growth of Palaearctic insect species in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

Müller

Obermaier

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Temperature has been shown to play an important role in the life cycles of insects. Early season feeders in Palaearctic regions profit by the high nutritional quality of their host plants early in the year, but face the problem of having to develop at low average springtime temperatures. This study examines the influence of short periods of heating in the field on larval development and on mortality with the model system Galeruca tanaceti L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an early season feeder, that hatches at low springtime temperatures. Field and laboratory experiments under different constant and variable temperature regimes were performed. While in the field, the average daily temperature was close to the lower developmental threshold of the species of 10.9• C; maximum temperatures of above 30 • C were sometimes reached. Larvae developed significantly faster, and pupae were heavier, in the field and in an assay with short periods of heating than at the same average temperature under constant conditions in the laboratory. We conclude that larvae profit substantially from short periods of heating and temperature variation in the field and that intervals of high temperature enable insect survival and exploitation of nutrient-rich food resources at early times in the season.

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Section: Field Experimentmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In this study, for the calculation and graphical definition of the lower developmental threshold, developmental data from two constant temperatures were used (15 • C and 23…”

Section: Calculation Of Lower Developmental Threshold Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Experimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

Müller

Obermaier

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…Yet daily temperature fluctuations, variable weather conditions, seasonal trends, thermal gradients within nests, and stochastic events such as rainfall, which temporarily depress nest temperatures, can all be expected to complicate the relationship between nest temperature and developmental outcomes. Developmental times of insect eggs and larvae may be affected by daily fluctuations in temperature, quite independent of the effects of average temperature (Hagstrum and Hagstrum 1970), and there is at least one instance where this is so for a reptile species (Shine and Harlow 1996). Daily fluctuations in temperature also have an impact on phenotypic attributes, including sex (Georges et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates

Valenzuela¹,

Lance²

2018

Open Monographs

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In the heat of the moment: Including realistic thermal fluctuations results in dramatically altered key population parameters

Boerlijst,

Boelee,

van Bodegom

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Temperature is commonly acknowledged as one of the primary forces driving ectotherm vector populations, most notably by influencing metabolic rates and survival. Although numerous experiments have shown this for a wide variety of organisms, the vast majority has been conducted at constant temperatures and changes therein, while temperature is far from constant in nature, and includes seasonal and diurnal cycles. As fluctuating temperatures have been described to affect metabolic processes at (sub)cellular level, this calls for studies evaluating the relative importance of temperature fluctuations and the changes therein. To gain insight in the effects of temperature fluctuations on ectotherm development, survival, and sex ratio, we developed an inexpensive, easily reproducible, and open‐source, Arduino‐based temperature control system, which emulates natural sinusoidal fluctuations around the average temperature. We used this novel setup to compare the effects of constant (mean) temperatures, most commonly used in experiments, block schemes, and natural sinusoidal fluctuations as well as an extreme variant with twice its amplitude using the cosmopolitan mosquito species Culex pipiens s.l. as a study organism. Our system accurately replicated the preprogrammed temperature treatments under outdoor conditions, even more accurately than traditional methods. While no effects were detected on survival and sex ratio within the ranges of variation evaluated, development was sped up considerably by including temperature fluctuations, especially during pupation, where development under constant temperatures took almost a week (30%) longer than under natural fluctuations. Doubling the amplitude further decreased development time by 1.5 days. These results highlight the importance of including (natural) oscillations in experiments on ectotherm organisms – both aquatic and terrestrial – that use temperature as a variable. Ultimately, these results have major repercussions for downstream effects at larger scales that may be studied with applications such as ecological niche models, disease risk models, and assessing ecosystem services that rely on ectotherm organisms.

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A Simple Device for Producing Fluctuating Temperatures, with an Evaluation of the Ecological Significance of Fluctuating Temperatures1

Cited by 97 publications

References 9 publications

Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates

In the heat of the moment: Including realistic thermal fluctuations results in dramatically altered key population parameters

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