A simple flow injection spectrophotometric procedure for iron(III) determination using Phyllanthus emblica Linn. as a natural reagent

Jaikrajang, Natta; Kruanetr, Senee; Harding, David J.; Rattanakit, Parawee

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.109

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In this traditional experiment, an Indian Gooseberry aqueous extract was utilized as a green complexing agent for iron(III) determination. Gallic acid, present in Indian Gooseberry, is responsible for chelating with the iron(III) ion . Mixing of iron(III) with the extract in an acetate buffer at pH 5.6, leads to an easily observable color change in the solution from light yellow to dark purple, indicating complex formation (Figure ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this experiment, we have developed a spectrophotometric method for detecting iron(III) using Indian Gooseberry extract as a green reagent to replace 1,10-phenanthroline, a conventional hazardous chemical that we previously used. The main active compound in the extract is gallic acid, which reacts with iron(III) to form an Fe–polyphenol complex . The proposed mechanism of complex formation suggests a 2:1 complex of gallic acid with iron(III), with two water molecules acting as coligands to complete the octahedral coordination sphere of the iron–(gallic acid) 2 complex (see Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining Iron(III) Concentration in a Green Chemistry Experiment Using Phyllanthus emblica (Indian Gooseberry) Extract and Spectrophotometry

Rattanakit

Maungchang

2019

J. Chem. Educ.

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A laboratory experiment utilizing locally available Indian Gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) extract as a bioreagent to determine iron(III) is described with the goal of providing students with hands-on experience in spectrophotometry and green chemistry. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the concentration of the complex formed between iron(III) and gallic acid, an active compound found in Indian Gooseberry extract. Excellent results from the quantitative analysis of iron(III) in water were achieved. In this case, the bioreagent was used to replace the conventional hazardous chemicals that are usually employed as chromogenic reagents. The use of Indian Gooseberry extract is simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly. This experiment is appropriate for use as a simple spectrophotometric protocol for undergraduate teaching in an analytical-or generalchemistry laboratory.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Iron(III) Concentration in a Green Chemistry Experiment Using Phyllanthus emblica (Indian Gooseberry) Extract and Spectrophotometry

Rattanakit

Maungchang

2019

J. Chem. Educ.

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“…From the discovery in this publication, we have further adapted Thai local wisdom in detecting chemicals or elements in real samples to the modern analysis, for examples; using guava leaf extract for quality control of iron content in pharmaceutical formulations [8]; exploiting green tea extracts for the iron determination by flow injection analysis (FIA) [9]; determining iron(III) using Phyllanthus emblica Linn. as a natural reagent [10]; using Indian almond (Terminalia Catappa L.) leaf extract to determine aluminum in wastewater [11]; using Morinda citrifolia root to determine aluminum in tea [12] and the attempts succeeded [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Education with Local-Wisdom Based Natural Reagent for Green Chemical Analysis with a Smart Device: Experiences in Thailand

et al. 2021

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To minimize chemical waste and protect the environment, our team has used green analysis with natural reagents. In this work, we designed a natural-reagent assay kit for iron determination and implemented it in chemistry education in Thailand. The iron assay method was adapted from Thai local wisdom of testing water quality using guava leaves. The guava leaf powder served as a natural reagent in the assay. The kit included equipment, standard and buffer solutions and a manual. A smart device with a built-in camera was used as a detector. Educators in six universities in Thailand implemented the kit in laboratories with modifications depending on their learning outcomes. The kit implementation was evaluated using a survey with questions in four aspects: usability, learning achievement, green chemistry and portability. The high average scores for all questions (> 4.00 of 5.00 points), with the average overall score of 4.53 ± 0.60, indicated satisfaction regarding in all aspects. Using a locally available bio-resource as a natural reagent for green analysis in chemistry education supported sustainable education in Thailand, in terms of quality education (SDG 4) and reduced inequalities (SDG 10) and environmental sustainability (SDG 6—Clean water and sanitation, 12—Responsible consumption and production and 14—Life be-low water).

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“…In addition, the use of natural reagent contributes to increasing the safety of the operator. Recently, use of natural reagents in combination with flow-based analytical systems was proposed to achieve a greener analytical method, for example, using reagents derived from pumpkin [ 13 ], Morinda citrifolia root [ 14 ], heartwood [ 15 ], Phyllanthus emblica Linn [ 16 ], peacock flower [ 17 ], and orchid flower [ 18 ] for determination of various analytes. For sulfite determination, a crude extract of sweet potato root ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Environmentally Friendly Flow Injection-Gas Diffusion System Using Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Extract as Natural Reagent for the Photometric Determination of Sulfite in Wines

Reanpang

Pun-uam

Jakmunee

et al. 2021

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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In this work, a green and simpler method for photometric determination of sulfite based on a flow injection-gas diffusion (FI-GD) system using a natural reagent extracted from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) was proposed. Despite the fact that the employed reaction is not selective to sulfite, its sensitivity is high, and the selectivity can be improved by coupling a GD unit to the FI system. The method involves monitoring a decrease in absorbance of the reagent solution that is used as an acceptor solution. When a standard solution or sample solution was injected into an acidic donor stream, the liberated sulfur dioxide diffuses through a gas-permeable membrane of the GD unit into the acceptor solution, causing color fading of the reagent. A linear analytical curve in the range of 5–100 mg L−1 was obtained with a detection limit of 2 mg·L−1. Relative standard deviations of 0.9%, 0.6%, and 0.6% were obtained for the determination of 30, 70, and 100 mg·L−1 SO32- (n = 11). The developed method was applied to wine samples, giving results that agreed with those obtained with the Ripper titrimetric method. The proposed method offers advantages of simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and being environmentally friendly such as reduced chemical consumption and less waste generation.

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A simple flow injection spectrophotometric procedure for iron(III) determination using Phyllanthus emblica Linn. as a natural reagent

Cited by 35 publications

References 61 publications

Determining Iron(III) Concentration in a Green Chemistry Experiment Using Phyllanthus emblica (Indian Gooseberry) Extract and Spectrophotometry

Determining Iron(III) Concentration in a Green Chemistry Experiment Using Phyllanthus emblica (Indian Gooseberry) Extract and Spectrophotometry

Sustainable Education with Local-Wisdom Based Natural Reagent for Green Chemical Analysis with a Smart Device: Experiences in Thailand

An Environmentally Friendly Flow Injection-Gas Diffusion System Using Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Extract as Natural Reagent for the Photometric Determination of Sulfite in Wines

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