A simple method for enhancing the catalytic activity of Pd deposited on carbon nanotubes used in direct formic acid fuel cells

Mazurkiewicz-Pawlicka, Marta; Małolepszy, Artur; Mikolajczuk-Zychora, A.; Mierzwa, Bogusław; Borodziński, Andrzej; Stobiński, Leszek

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.01.114

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The strong anodic peak at~0.2 V is assigned to the direct oxidation of HCOOH to CO 2 (reaction (2)), and the shoulder peak at~0.5 V is ascribed to the indirect oxidation (reactions (3)-(5)). In the cathodic scan, the broad oxidation peak is related to the re-oxidation of HCOOH [18,39]. Obviously, the current densities for the direct oxidation of all the samples are much higher than those of the indirect one.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The metal-support interaction can strongly influence the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the metal catalysts [17]. Carbonaceous materials such as carbon blacks [18], carbon nanotubes [19] and graphene [20] are often used as catalyst supports. Nowadays, graphene has been extensively studied as a promising support material for the electrooxidation of alcohols and formic acid due to its high specific surface area and easy modulation [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Active PdSn Binary Alloyed Catalysts Supported on B and N Codoped Graphene for Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Chen

Pei

et al. 2020

Catalysts

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A series of PdSn binary catalysts with varied molar ratios of Pd to Sn are synthesized on B and N dual-doped graphene supporting materials. The catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Formic acid electro-oxidation reaction is performed on these catalysts, and the results reveal that the optimal proportion of Pd:Sn is 3:1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show that when compared with 3Pd1Sn/graphene, B and N co-doping into the graphene sheet can tune the electronic structure of graphene, favoring the formation of small-sized metallic nanoparticles with good dispersion. On the other hand, when compared with the monometallic counterparts, the incorporation of Sn can generate oxygenated species that help to remove the intermediates, exposing more active Pd sites. Moreover, the electrochemical tests illustrate that 3Pd1Sn/BN-G catalyst with a moderate amount of Sn exhibits the best catalytic activity and stability on formic acid electro-oxidation, owing to the synergistic effect of the Sn doping and the B, N co-doping graphene substrate.

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Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Active PdSn Binary Alloyed Catalysts Supported on B and N Codoped Graphene for Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Chen

Pei

et al. 2020

Catalysts

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“…Post‐synthesis ammonia treatment of CNT modified by nitric acid can remove polynuclear aromatic compounds, which tend to adsorb strongly on metal active sites and hence deactivate the catalysts (Mazurkiewicz‐Pawlicka et al, 2019). Functionalization with ionic liquid polymers is also attractive because they improve the solution dispersibility of the supports and facilitate faster nucleation of the catalysts resulting in small and uniform metal nanoparticles because of their structural properties and intrinsic chemistry (Wu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Anode Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in electrocatalysts, mechanism, and cell architecture for direct formic acid fuel cells

Bhaskaran

Abraham²,

Chetty³

2021

WIREs Energy & Environment

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Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are potential candidates as power sources for various applications, especially in portable electronics and medical diagnostic devices. Though they have been the subject of considerable research, commercial prototypes of DFAFCs are rudimentary compared to other liquid fuel cells, particularly the widespread methanol‐based direct methanol fuel cells. Various strategies for rationally engineering the electrocatalysts for enhancing DFAFC performance have been explored in the last few years, such as alloying noble metals with earth‐abundant transition metals, designing specific morphological and structural arrangements, decorating the surface with corrosion‐tolerant cocatalysts, and providing better catalyst support for effective catalyst dispersion. An overall approach may be necessary and should include (i) understanding the underlying mechanism, which will guide the direction of catalyst engineering, (ii) employing morphological, compositional, and structural control of the electrocatalysts to improve catalyst utilization and enhance the intrinsic activity for real‐world applications, and (iii) integrating these in a proficiently designed cell architecture suitable for targeted applications. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in electrocatalysts, formic acid electrooxidation mechanisms, and DFAFC cell architectures, which could help address the opportunities and challenges of commercializing DFAFC as a prospective alternative power source for portable applications. This article is categorized under: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen > Science and Materials Energy Research & Innovation > Science and Materials

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“…Anodic Pd catalysts for DFAFCs have a high initial mass activity. Although, 0.216 W mg Pd −1 (for anode Pd loading equal to 0.5 mg cm −2 ) was obtained for Pd catalyst in DFAFC at 30 °C, [21] the catalyst is slowly deactivated by accumulation on Pd surface strongly adsorbed CO, which is a by‐product of FAOR [9,14] . The decrease in activity is also caused by the dissolution of Pd during the cycling of the anode potential [22,23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pd Nanoparticle Size Effect of Anodic Catalysts on Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell Initial Performance: Development of a Mathematical Model and Comparison with Experimental Results

et al. 2021

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Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell (DFAFC) is considered as a promising liquid fuel cell. Here, the effect of palladium particle size (dPd) of anodic DFAFC catalysts on initial power density was studied. The number of electrochemically available Pd atoms on the surface of Pd nanocrystallites in the anodes were determined experimentally. The cathode potential as a function of the current density has been measured. The mathematical model describing the effect of dPd on DFAFC performance has been developed. It was assumed that: (i) Pd crystallites have shape of cuboctahedron, (ii) Pd atoms lying on edges and corners are inactive, (iii) The activity of Pd atoms lying on crystallite (111) and (100) facets do not change with dPd. The mathematical model describes well the effect of current density and dPd on fuel cell voltage and power density. The model predicts that maximum power density is reached at dPd=2.4 nm.

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A simple method for enhancing the catalytic activity of Pd deposited on carbon nanotubes used in direct formic acid fuel cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

High Active PdSn Binary Alloyed Catalysts Supported on B and N Codoped Graphene for Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

High Active PdSn Binary Alloyed Catalysts Supported on B and N Codoped Graphene for Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation

Recent advances in electrocatalysts, mechanism, and cell architecture for direct formic acid fuel cells

Pd Nanoparticle Size Effect of Anodic Catalysts on Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell Initial Performance: Development of a Mathematical Model and Comparison with Experimental Results

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