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Methods for the calculation of the undisturbed ground temperature (UGT) are presented. Heat fluxes occurring on the surface of the ground and their influence on the UGT are described. Correlation equations for the calculation of the undisturbed ground temperature based on the meteorological data averaged in the yearly cycle are proposed. These equations are of a semi-empirical character and they are based on the heat flux balance. The determined coefficients of these equations, particularly the convection heat transfer coefficient, are consistent with the values specified by other methods.

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A theoretical analysis and the results of the experimental verification of the adsorption-desorption process for ethanol dehydration are presented. This adsorption-desorption process is applied in industrial installations for the production of dehydrated ethanol as a fuel additive.In the present work, the experiments were performed using a small-scale experimental setup. The sequence of operations consisted of adsorption, vacuum desorption and purge. The adsorption column, filled with zeolite 3A pellets, was fed with a vapour-phase ethanol/water mixture containing 25 mol% water. The water vapour content at the column outlet was determined using gas chromatography. During the vacuum desorption step, the upper outlet of the column was connected to a vacuum pump. During the purge step, the lower outlet of the column was connected to a vessel containing pure ethanol while the upper outlet was connected to the vacuum pump.The process simulation results using the developed model have been compared with the experimental results in order to verify accuracy of the model. The agreement between the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated that the mathematical model adequately described the process.