A simple model for the spatially-variable coastal response to hurricanes

Stockdon, Hilary F.; Sallenger, Asbury H.; Holman, Robert A.; Howd, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.11.004

Cited by 321 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…shoreline position (Morton et al, 1995;Thieler and Young, 1991;Farris and List, 2007;Houser et al, 2008;Hapke et al, 2010Hapke et al, , 2016Bramato et al, 2012;Phillips et al, 2017) or dune height (Houser et al, 2008(Houser et al, , 2015Stockdon et al, 2009;Wernette et al, 2016)); whereas the other simplifies spatial information along a cross-shore profile to an averaged value (e.g. beach volume and slope) (Morton et al, 1994;Stone et al, 2004;Stockdon et al, 2007;Houser and Hamilton, 2009;Mathew et al, 2010;Scott et al, 2016). Changes in these metrics can be used to better resolve timescales (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…recovery with respect to what reference point). Furthermore, where storm-driven change is typically determined by the hydrodynamics of the event including waves, tides, and storm surge (Lee et al, 1998;Stockdon et al, 2007;Sallenger, 2000;Suanez et al, 2015), recovery can be affected by both hydrodynamic conditions (e.g. Scott et al, 2016) and aeolian sediment transport (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing storm response and recovery using the beach change envelope: Fire Island, New York

et al. 2018

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Hurricane Sandy at Fire Island, New York presented unique challenges in the quantification of storm impacts using traditional metrics of coastal change, wherein measured changes (shoreline, dune crest, and volume change) did not fully reflect the substantial changes in sediment redistribution following the storm. We used a time series of beach profile data at Fire Island, New York to define a new contour-based morphologic change metric, the Beach Change Envelope (BCE). The BCE quantifies changes to the upper portion of the beach likely to sustain measurable impacts from storm waves and capture a variety of storm and post-storm beach states. We evaluated the ability of the BCE to characterize cycles of beach change by relating it to a conceptual beach recovery regime, and demonstrated that BCE width and BCE height from the profile time series correlate well with established stages of recovery. We also investigated additional applications of this metric to capture impacts from storms and human modification by applying it to several post-storm historical datasets in which impacts varied considerably; Nor'Ida (2009), Hurricane Irene (2011), Hurricane Sandy (2012), and a 2009 community replenishment. In each case, the BCE captured distinctive upper beach morphologic change characteristic of these different beach building and erosional events. Analysis of the beach state at multiple profile locations showed spatial trends in recovery consistent with recent morphologic island evolution, which other studies have linked with sediment availability and the geologic framework. Ultimately we demonstrate a new way of more effectively characterizing beach response and recovery cycles to evaluate change along sandy coasts.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing storm response and recovery using the beach change envelope: Fire Island, New York

et al. 2018

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“…To improve coastal planning and management it is essential to develop robust tools that enable accurate prediction of barrier system responses to single storms and to storm sequences for present and future climatic conditions (cf. Stockdon et al 2007). However, the majority of work undertaken in this field has investigated moderate or low energy coasts (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling storm responses on a high-energy coastline with XBeach

Williams

Esteves

Rochford

2015

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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The XBeach model has been used to simulate the morphological impacts of storms on sandy and gravel beaches. Taking as a case study Rossbeigh Spit located on the high-energy coast of western Ireland, the study reported here tests the capacity of XBeach to reproduce barrier breaching during a storm in December 2008. It demonstrates that predictions of the breaching event agree reasonably well with observations. However, the main focus of the paper is to establish using the model results, sitespecific critical wave and water level conditions giving rise to dune erosion, overwashing and breaching. By deriving simple-to-use expressions to define hydrodynamic thresholds the study advances the ability to predict the impacts of infrequent and rarely observed storm events and is considered to provide useful coastal management tool for assessing the vulnerability of sandy barriers to breaching high-energy during storms.

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“…On the contrary, Kochel and Dolan (1986) used colored sediment plugs installed in a grid over the extent of older washovers to determine the thickness of the subsequent washovers in the same area in order to produce a contoured isopach map which accounted for spatially variable washover thickness. Another study that took the three-dimensional nature of the deposits into account when determining their volumes is that of Stockdon et al, 2007. That investigation subtracted pre-overwash from post- overwash LiDAR topography data in order to arrive at a volume of sediment that was deposited over a large region that included a washover (Stockdon et al, 2007 …”

Section: Previous Studies Of Washover Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study that took the three-dimensional nature of the deposits into account when determining their volumes is that of Stockdon et al, 2007. That investigation subtracted pre-overwash from post- overwash LiDAR topography data in order to arrive at a volume of sediment that was deposited over a large region that included a washover (Stockdon et al, 2007 …”

Section: Previous Studies Of Washover Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying overwash flux in barrier systems: An example from Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, USA

et al. 2013

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Coastal barriers are particularly susceptible to the predicted effects of accelerated of sea-level rise and the potential for increased impacts of intense storms. Over centennial scales, barriers are maintained via overtopping during storms, causing deposition of washover fans on their landward sides. This study examines three washover fans on the south shore of Martha's Vineyard using a suite of data including vibracores, ground penetrating radar, high resolution dGPS, and LiDAR data. From these data, the volumes of the deposits were determined and range from 2.1-2.4 x 10 4 M .Two overwashes occurred during Hurricane Bob in 1991. The water levels produced by this storm have a return interval of ~28 years, resulting in an onshore sediment flux of 2.4-3.4 m 3 /m/yr. The third washover was deposited by a nor'easter in January 1997, which has a water level return interval of ~6 years, resulting in a flux of 8.5 m 3 /m/yr. These fluxes are smaller than the flux of sediment needed to maintain a geometrically stable barrier estimated from shoreline retreat rates, suggesting that the barrier is not in long-term equilibrium, a result supported by the thinning of the barrier over this time interval.

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A simple model for the spatially-variable coastal response to hurricanes

Cited by 321 publications

References 13 publications

Characterizing storm response and recovery using the beach change envelope: Fire Island, New York

Characterizing storm response and recovery using the beach change envelope: Fire Island, New York

Modelling storm responses on a high-energy coastline with XBeach

Quantifying overwash flux in barrier systems: An example from Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, USA

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