A simple wide-band CMOS based true rms-to-dc converter

0.8‐V 1.4‐nW multi‐decade frequency range true RMS to DC converter based on two‐quadrant current squarer circuit

“…Bias and averaging currents (I B = I AVG ) are equalised using recurrent path and M p1 -M p2 simple current mirror. So, from (11) and with attention to M p4 aspect ratio, it results…”

“…Squarer circuits are the vital cells in analogue signal processing that used in communication systems and measurements such as multiplier/dividers, peak amplitude detectors, rectifiers, and RMSto-DC converters [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]28]. As is depicted in Fig.…”

“…It is extensively employed to compute the AC power of electronic equipment and systems such as biomedical, communication and instrumentation ones [1][2][3]. RMS-to-DC converter circuits have been implemented in bipolar technology [4][5][6][7][8] and modern CMOS technology [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Current-mode design/processing holds further benefits than voltage-mode one, comprising wider bandwidth, higher linearity, lower power consumption, lower supply voltage and complexity [26,27].…”

FGMOS Based Built-In Current Sensor for Low Supply Voltage Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits Testing

“…Capacitance C must be chosen large enough in order to eliminate ripple at the output current [26]. It should be noted that it is preferable to use an on-chip capacitor that means a capacitor with small value capacitance.…”

“…A true RMS-to-DC converter is measuring the average energy content of an electrical signal. This circuit can be implemented using a current squaring circuit and a low pass filter in order to produce the average current and then its RMS value [26]. The proposed RMS-to-DC converter is shown in Fig.…”