Arduino platform is a new hardware and software combination platform that is widely used, flexible, easy to operate, and rapidly developing. In this paper, the design and implementation of the DC chopper circuit were conducted based on the Arduino platform. Firstly, the power signal and trigger signal are output in the form of programming on the Arduino platform, and the rest of the circuit is built on the breadboard in the form of hardware. Finally, the design waveform is obtained. This paper introduces the basic working principles of four power conversion circuits, conducts circuit simulation on MATLAB software and obtains the ideal output waveform, and uses C language programming to trigger control signal generation, generates corresponding electrical signals through compilation and USB wire transmission to Arduino controller, and builds relevant circuits. This paper makes use of the advantages of the breadboard, fully combines the theoretical knowledge and circuit connection, and finally observes the output waveform through an oscilloscope, and compares the waveform of the actual circuit with the simulation results of MATLAB.