“…Furthermore, there are some variants such as VRP with heterogenous fleet size (Taillard, 1993;Salhi et al, 2014;Coelho et al, 2016;Penna et al, 2019), open VRP (Tarantilis et al, 2004;Letchford et al, 2007;Tyasnurita et al, 2017), rich VRP (Hartl et al, 2006;Koç et al, 2018;Sim et al, 2019), fuzzy VRP (Brito et al, 2009;Cao and Lai, 2010;Kuo et al, 2016), and swap-body VRP (Huber and Geiger, 2017;Absi et al, 2017). Nowadays, VRP with green transportation strategy has been attractively studied with minimizing the carbon emissions on routing (Erdogan and Miller-Hooks, 2012;Bektas et al, 2016;Ene et al, 2016;Koç and Karaoglan, 2016;Montoya et al, 2016;Karagul et al, 2019;Koç et al, 2019).…”