A simulation study of the growth of benthic microalgae following the decline of a surface phytoplankton bloom

Darrow, Brian P.; Walsh, John J.; Vargo, Gabriel A.; Masserini, Robert T.; Fanning, Kent A.; Zhang, Jiazhong

doi:10.1016/s0278-4343(03)00130-4

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Benthic fluxes, including groundwater (Odum et al 1955), have been identified as a potential source of nutrients to recurrent K. brevis blooms (Hu et al 2006;Vargo et al 2008). However, because of the lack of experimental and field measurements along the WFS, predictive models are forced to utilize benthic nutrient fluxes measured elsewhere (Marinelli et al 1998) and/or from complementary modeled estimates (Darrow et al 2003), neither of which can substitute for direct observations along the WFS. Previous estimates of benthic nutrient fluxes contributed between 0.01% and 0.7% to the average N requirement of large blooms and 0% of the average P demand (Vargo et al 2008;Vargo 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of submarine groundwater—borne nutrient fluxes to the west Florida shelf and recurrent harmful algal blooms

Smith

Swarzenski

2012

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A cross‐shelf, water‐column mass balance of radon‐222 (222Rn) provided estimates of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), which were then used to quantify benthic nutrient fluxes. Surface water and groundwater were collected along a shore‐normal transect that extended from Tampa Bay, Florida, across the Pinellas County peninsula, to the 10‐m isobath in the Gulf of Mexico. Samples were analyzed for 222Rn and radium‐223,224,226 (223,224,226Ra) activities as well as inorganic and organic nutrients. Cross‐shore gradients of 222Rn and 223,224,226Ra activities indicate a nearshore source for these isotopes, which mixes with water characterized by low activities offshore. Radon‐based SGD rates vary between 2.5 and 15 cm d−1 proximal to the shoreline and decrease offshore. The source of SGD is largely shallow exchange between surface and pore waters, although deeper groundwater cycling may also be important. Enrichment of total dissolved nitrogen and soluble reactive phosphorus in pore water combined with SGD rates results in specific nutrient fluxes comparable to or greater than estuarine fluxes from Tampa Bay. The significance of these fluxes to nearshore blooms of Karenia brevis is highlighted by comparison with prescribed nutrient demands for bloom maintenance and growth. Whereas our flux estimates do not indicate SGD and benthic fluxes as the dominant nutrient source to the harmful algal blooms, SGD‐derived loads do narrow the deficit between documented nutrient supplies and bloom demands.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of submarine groundwater—borne nutrient fluxes to the west Florida shelf and recurrent harmful algal blooms

Smith

Swarzenski

2012

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Mississippi River is, of course, the ultimate major source of both surface (Figures 9b–9e) and near‐bottom (Figures 10c–10f) nutrients in the western Gulf of Mexico. After significant bacterial alteration of their original stoichiometry, however, the low near‐bottom DIN/PO 4 ratios of <4 found during the LATEX cruises on the Louisiana‐Texas shelf (Figure 10e) are similar to those of <3 within surficial sediments on the northern WFS [ Darrow et al , 2003] and at the mouth of Charlotte Harbor (Figure 8). Thus, in response to upwelling of altered initial chemical conditions at the Texas coast, these surface waters would also be subject to N‐limitation of the phytoplankton.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both K. brevis and Trichodesmium migrate vertically each day at a speed of ∼1 m hr −1 [ Kromkamp and Walsby , 1992; Walsh et al , 2002], to seek optimal light conditions during mutualistic aggregations of self‐shading, phosphate‐mining, and nutrient exchange. Of the two, Karenia is the most shade‐adapted, with a light saturation intensity of ∼65 uE m −2 sec −1 , compared to either ∼300 uE m −2 sec −1 for Trichodesmium , or a noon surface incident radiation of ∼1100 uE m −2 sec −1 above the WFS [ Walsh et al , 2001; Darrow et al , 2003].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red tides in the Gulf of Mexico: Where, when, and why?

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Independent data from the Gulf of Mexico are used to develop and test the hypothesis that the same sequence of physical and ecological events each year allows the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis to become dominant. A phosphorus‐rich nutrient supply initiates phytoplankton succession, once deposition events of Saharan iron‐rich dust allow Trichodesmium blooms to utilize ubiquitous dissolved nitrogen gas within otherwise nitrogen‐poor sea water. They and the co‐occurring K. brevis are positioned within the bottom Ekman layers, as a consequence of their similar diel vertical migration patterns on the middle shelf. Upon onshore upwelling of these near‐bottom seed populations to CDOM‐rich surface waters of coastal regions, light‐inhibition of the small red tide of ∼1 ug chl l−1 of ichthytoxic K. brevis is alleviated. Thence, dead fish serve as a supplementary nutrient source, yielding large, self‐shaded red tides of ∼10 ug chl l−1.The source of phosphorus is mainly of fossil origin off west Florida, where past nutrient additions from the eutrophied Lake Okeechobee had minimal impact. In contrast, the P‐sources are of mainly anthropogenic origin off Texas, since both the nutrient loadings of Mississippi River and the spatial extent of the downstream red tides have increased over the last 100 years. During the past century and particularly within the last decade, previously cryptic Karenia spp. have caused toxic red tides in similar coastal habitats of other western boundary currents off Japan, China, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa, downstream of the Gobi, Simpson, Great Western, and Kalahari Deserts, in a global response to both desertification and eutrophication.

show abstract

“…As the stoichiometric composition of autotrophs changes with resource availability, several ecosystem processes can be aVected including primary production, herbivore growth, nutrient cycling, and C sequestration (Sterner 1990b;Urabe and Sterner 1996;Tateno and Chapin 1997;Sterner and Elser 2002;Urabe et al 2002Urabe et al , 2003Darrow et al 2003;Elser et al 2003;Cebrian and Lartigue 2004). Thus, variation in light and nutrient availability can directly and indirectly mediate several ecosystem functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of light and nutrients on phytoplankton stoichiometry

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stoichiometric composition of autotrophs can vary greatly in response to variation in light and nutrient availability, and can mediate ecological processes such as C sequestration, growth of herbivores, and nutrient cycling. We investigated light and nutrient effects on phytoplankton stoichiometry, employing five experiments on intact phytoplankton assemblages from three lakes varying in productivity and species composition. Each experiment employed two nutrient and eight irradiance levels in a fully factorial design. Light and nutrients interactively affected phytoplankton stoichiometry. Thus, phytoplankton C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios increased with irradiance, and slopes of the stoichiometric ratio versus irradiance relationships were steeper with ambient nutrients than with nutrients added. Our results support the light-nutrient hypothesis, which predicts that phytoplankton C:nutrient ratios are functions of the ratio of available light and nutrients; however, we observed considerable variation among lakes in the expression of this relationship. Phytoplankton species diversity was positively correlated with the slopes of the C:N and C:P versus irradiance relationships, suggesting that diverse assemblages may exhibit greater flexibility in the response of phytoplankton nutrient stoichiometry to light and nutrients. The interactive nature of light and nutrient effects may render it difficult to generate predictive models of stoichiometric responses to these two factors. Our results point to the need for future studies that examine stoichiometric responses across a wide range of phytoplankton communities.

show abstract

A simulation study of the growth of benthic microalgae following the decline of a surface phytoplankton bloom

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

An investigation of submarine groundwater—borne nutrient fluxes to the west Florida shelf and recurrent harmful algal blooms

An investigation of submarine groundwater—borne nutrient fluxes to the west Florida shelf and recurrent harmful algal blooms

Red tides in the Gulf of Mexico: Where, when, and why?

Interactive effects of light and nutrients on phytoplankton stoichiometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About