2012
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2012.57.2.0471
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An investigation of submarine groundwater—borne nutrient fluxes to the west Florida shelf and recurrent harmful algal blooms

Abstract: A cross‐shelf, water‐column mass balance of radon‐222 (222Rn) provided estimates of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), which were then used to quantify benthic nutrient fluxes. Surface water and groundwater were collected along a shore‐normal transect that extended from Tampa Bay, Florida, across the Pinellas County peninsula, to the 10‐m isobath in the Gulf of Mexico. Samples were analyzed for 222Rn and radium‐223,224,226 (223,224,226Ra) activities as well as inorganic and organic nutrients. Cross‐shore g… Show more

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Cited by 56 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…The surrounding coastal waters of the Zhangzi Island are relatively farther from the mainland with less anthropogenic influences such as agricultural activities, so less land-based sources of P are expected. The discharge of continental groundwater along beaches and through the seafloor is also an important transportation pathway of nutrients to coastal waters (Moore, 1999;Burnett et al, 2006;Spiteri et al, 2008;Smith and Swarzenski, 2012). A possible enrichment of P in the Laizhou Bay and the surrounding marine area of the Zhangzi Island also could be supplied by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The surrounding coastal waters of the Zhangzi Island are relatively farther from the mainland with less anthropogenic influences such as agricultural activities, so less land-based sources of P are expected. The discharge of continental groundwater along beaches and through the seafloor is also an important transportation pathway of nutrients to coastal waters (Moore, 1999;Burnett et al, 2006;Spiteri et al, 2008;Smith and Swarzenski, 2012). A possible enrichment of P in the Laizhou Bay and the surrounding marine area of the Zhangzi Island also could be supplied by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous investigations others, 1981, 1982;Smith and Swarzenski, 2012) along the WFS have found relatively constant radium-226 values at least at the shelf scale. Fanning and others (1982) found that cross-shelf distribution of radium-226 was fairly uniform (9.67±4.67 Bq m -3 ; n = 12) in the surface mixed layer between Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, Fla. Smith and Swarzenski (2012) observed similar activities (6.33±3.00 Bq m -3 ; n = 10) along the inner WFS north of Tampa Bay. Considering the extent of this study, we felt it reasonable to assume that the radium-226 activity of the surface water was spatially homogeneous.…”
Section: Radon-222 Production and Decaymentioning
confidence: 63%
“…Based on 13 independent studies using short-lived radium isotopes, mixing coefficients generally range from 10 -2 to 10 3.7 km 2 d -1 (Smith and others, 2011). More locally, Smith and Swarzenski (2012) reported radium-based mixing coefficients of 10 1.2 to 10 1.9 km 2 d -1 for the coastal region (within 15 km of the shoreline) offshore from Pinellas County, Fla., which lies in the domain of our larger-scale study. Although radon and radium are geochemically different, correcting radon-222 inventories for evasion normalizes the two elements to similar (assumed) conservative geochemical behavior.…”
Section: Radon-222 Cross-shelf Mixingmentioning
confidence: 72%
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