A simulator study investigating how motorcyclists approach side-road hazards

Crundall, Elizabeth; Stedmon, Alex W.; Saikayasit, Rose; Crundall, David

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.10.017

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Novice road users are defined as drivers with a mean annual mileage of less than 2,000 miles (3,218 km) and a mean driving experience of 2.9 years by Crundall et al (2003), as riders that were either learner or licensed for no more than 12 months (Crundall D. et al, 2013) with a mean riding experience of 3,711 miles (5,972 km) per year (Crundall E. et al, 2013), or as drivers that had passed their driver’s license test no more than 3 years prior (Crundall, 2016) and that had driven a mean of 2,662 miles (4,284 km) in the last year (Kinnear et al, 2013). Our inclusion criteria are far below because they refer to overall road exposure with both two-wheeled vehicles and cars (not the mean mileage in the last year).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Step toward the Understanding of Implicit Learning of Hazard Anticipation in Inexperienced Road Users Through a Moped-Riding Simulator

2017

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Hazard perception is considered one of the most important abilities in road safety. Several efforts have been devoted to investigating how it improves with experience and can be trained. Recently, research has focused on the implicit aspects of hazard detection, reaction, and anticipation. In the present study, we attempted to understand how the ability to anticipate hazards develops during training with a moped-riding simulator: the Honda Riding Trainer (HRT). Several studies have already validated the HRT as a tool to enhance adolescents’ hazard perception and riding abilities. In the present study, as an index of hazard anticipation, we used skin conductance response (SCR), which has been demonstrated to be linked to affective/implicit appraisal of risk. We administered to a group of inexperienced road users five road courses two times a week apart. In each course, participants had to deal with eight hazard scenes (except one course that included only seven hazard scenes). Participants had to ride along the HRT courses, facing the potentially hazardous situations, following traffic rules, and trying to avoid accidents. During the task, we measured SCR and monitored driving performance. The main results show that learning to ride the simulator leads to both a reduction in the number of accidents and anticipation of the somatic response related to hazard detection, as proven by the reduction of SCR onset recorded in the second session. The finding that the SCR signaling the impending hazard appears earlier when the already encountered hazard situations are faced anew suggests that training with the simulator acts on the somatic activation associated with the experience of risky situations, improving its effectiveness in detecting hazards in advance so as to avoid accidents. This represents the starting point for future investigations into the process of generalization of learning acquired in new virtual situations and in real-road situations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Step toward the Understanding of Implicit Learning of Hazard Anticipation in Inexperienced Road Users Through a Moped-Riding Simulator

2017

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“…The frequency of these crashes is detailed in Table 2. Further details on collisions and the specific riding behaviour that preceded crashes with pre-specified hazards can be found elsewhere (Crundall, Stedmon, Saikayasit, and Crundall, 2013;Crundall, Crundall and Stedmon, 2012;.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the second lap of the circuit riders encountered four pre-defined hazards, two in the 60 mph zone and two in the 40 mph zone. Specific responses to these pre-defined hazards are not considered further in this paper, but are discussed elsewhere (Stedmon, Crundall, Crundall, Saikayasit, van Loon, Irune, Ward and Greg, 2011;Crundall, Stedmon, Saikayasit and Crundall, 2013;Crundall, Crundall, and Stedmon, 2012).…”

Section: Apparatus and Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of experience and advanced training on performance in a motorcycle simulator

Crundall¹,

Stedmon²,

Crundall³

et al. 2014

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Motorcyclists are over-represented in collision statistics. While many collisions may be the direct fault of another road user, a considerable number of fatalities and injuries are due to the actions of the rider. While increased riding experience may improve skills, advanced training courses may be required to evoke the safest riding behaviours. The current research assessed the impact of experience and advanced training on rider behaviour using a motorcycle simulator. Novice riders, experienced riders and riders with advanced training traversed a virtual world through varying speed limits and roadways of different curvature. Speed and lane position were monitored. In a comparison of 60 mph and 40 mph zones, advanced riders rode more slowly in the 40 mph zones, and had greater variation in lane position than the other two groups. In the 60 mph zones, both advanced and experienced riders had greater lane variation than novices. Across the whole ride, novices tended to position themselves closer to the kerb. In a second analysis across four classifications of curvature (straight, slight, medium, tight) advanced and experienced riders varied their lateral position more so than novices, though advanced riders had greater variation in lane position than even experienced riders in some conditions. The results suggest that experience and advanced training lead to changes in behaviour compared to novice riders which can be interpreted as having a potentially positive impact on road safety.3

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“…In addition, that driver who feels more insecure about the motorcycle tends to commit fewer violations 47 . Breaking the pragmatic logic of society, which leads to representations of devaluation of life to the detriment of immediate benefits, seems key to produce traffic patterns with less risk to motorcyclists, in which different actors recognize themselves as equals, including in relation to laws and punishments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrativas de motociclistas acidentados sobre riscos e os diversos meios de transporte

Souza

Malta

Freitas

2018

Interface (Botucatu)

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In this article, the objective was understand the representations of motorcyclists that suffered a traffic accident about the risks as well as the various means of transportation. The qualitative approach was based on the notions proposed by Giami, using the psychosocial frame of the Social Representations. We interviewed 16 motorcyclists injured in traffic accidents in Belo Horizonte-MG/Brazil, that were cared for at a referral hospital for trauma. Results show that everyday experiences, the attributes observed in vehicles and above all, involvement in traffic accidents are used as a framework to represent transport as "safe" or "unsafe". The balance between the advantages and disadvantages presented by the vehicles are basic to predict the option for this or that kind of vehicle. Although the motorcycle is considered an unsafe vehicle, its use is defended by the interviewees who continue to imagine themselves untouchable.

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A simulator study investigating how motorcyclists approach side-road hazards

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

A First Step toward the Understanding of Implicit Learning of Hazard Anticipation in Inexperienced Road Users Through a Moped-Riding Simulator

A First Step toward the Understanding of Implicit Learning of Hazard Anticipation in Inexperienced Road Users Through a Moped-Riding Simulator

The role of experience and advanced training on performance in a motorcycle simulator

Narrativas de motociclistas acidentados sobre riscos e os diversos meios de transporte

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