A single preexposure produces sensitization to the locomotor effects of cocaine in mice

Jackson, Helen C.; Nutt, D.J.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(93)90533-y

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This observation is in agreement with earlier findings, which show that a single exposure to cocaine can initiate neurophysiological events in the rat ventral tegmental area closely resembling long-term potentiation (Ungless et al, 2001). Moreover, a single cocaine treatment is sufficient to induce behavioral sensitization and conditioned behavioral sensitization (Guan et al, 1985;Jackson and Nutt, 1993;Ungless et al, 2001), consistent with a role for drug-induced neural plasticity in the motivating effects of drug cues. Similarly, a single treatment with amphetamine or morphine induces long-lasting locomotor sensitization associated with hyperresponsiveness of mesocorticolimbic dopamine and acetylcholine transmission (Robinson et al, 1982;Vanderschuren et al, 1999Vanderschuren et al, , 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Dorsal Subiculum Mediates the Acquisition of Conditioned Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking

Martin‐Fardon

Ciccocioppo

Aujla

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Contextual stimuli present during a single lifetime cocaine self-administration experience acquire occasion-setting actions sufficient to persistently elicit cocaine-seeking behavior in rats, with effects lasting nearly 1 year. The goal of this study was to identify neural substrates mediating the acquisition of drug-related conditioning taking place during a single cocaine self-administration experience with focus on the subicular formation, a brain site that has been implicated in associative learning relevant for conditioned reward-seeking including conditioned reinstatement. Male Wistar rats were given 2 h of response-contingent access to intravenous cocaine or saline in the presence of distinct stimuli that served as contextual stimuli associated with the availability and subjective effects of cocaine (S + ) vs saline (S À ). Before onset of the sessions, rats received bilateral microinjections of tetrodotoxin (TTX) into the ventral subiculum (VSUB) or dorsal subiculum (DSUB). Following extinction of responding by withholding cocaine, rats were subjected to reinstatement tests in which exposure to the cocaine-(but not saline) associated stimulus produced strong recovery of responding. This effect was completely abolished in rats with transient TTX inactivation of the DSUB during the conditioning session. TTX inactivation of the VSUB during conditioning did not alter the response-reinstating effects of the cocaine cue. The results suggest that functional integrity of the DSUB, but not VSUB, is critical for the acquisition of conditioned cocaine-seeking controlled by contextual stimuli under conditions where such learning occurs during a single conditioning trial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Dorsal Subiculum Mediates the Acquisition of Conditioned Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking

Martin‐Fardon

Ciccocioppo

Aujla

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…If this drug-environment association had not formed, or was not maintained, a sensitized response would not be expressed by young rats. Importantly, adult rats and mice show context-dependent sensitization after just one drug administration (Weiss et al 1989;Jackson and Nutt 1993;Battisti et al 1999), while it is uncertain how many drug-environment pairings are necessary to produce context-dependent sensitization in young rats. Thus, in the present study, it is possible that ten drug pretreatment days were sufficient and five pretreatment days were not sufficient to produce contextdependent sensitization that would persist across seven abstinence days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in the young rat

Zavala¹,

Nazarian²,

Crawford³

et al. 2000

Psychopharmacology

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Rationale: Repeated psychostimulant treatment has been shown to sensitize the locomotor activity of young rats, but there is conflicting evidence suggesting that this sensitized response will persist across only a few drug abstinence days. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether: (a) young rats are capable of expressing a sensitized locomotor response after an extended drug abstinence period, and (b) the longevity of the sensitized response is critically affected by either the number of drug pretreatment days or environmental conditioning factors. Methods: Young rats were pretreated with saline or cocaine (15 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg, i.p.) for either five or ten consecutive days [i.e., on postnatal days (PD) 16-20 or PD 11-20]. After each daily injection, rats were placed in activity chambers, and locomotion was measured for 30 min. To assess environmental conditioning factors, some rats were injected with saline prior to being placed in the activity chambers and then injected with cocaine prior to being returned to the home cage. After one or seven abstinence days (i.e., on PD 22 or PD 28), rats received a challenge injection of saline or cocaine (15 mg/kg) in the activity chamber and locomotion was assessed. Results: Young rats exhibit cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization after either a short (1-day) or long (7-day) drug abstinence period. When a long abstinence period was used, locomotor sensitization was only apparent when cocaine pretreatment lasted for 10 days. Conditioning factors were also important for determining whether locomotor sensitization was expressed, because young rats pretreated with cocaine in the home cage did not show a sensitized locomotor response after seven abstinence days. Conclusions: Young rats are capable of showing cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization after an extended abstinence period. Both the number of drug pretreatment days and the environmental context in which cocaine was given (i.e., the activity chamber or home cage) influenced the longevity of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization.

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“…A recent study by Jentsch and colleagues (Jentsch et al, 2002) suggested that acute cocaine administration disrupts reversal learning in monkeys, although chronic treatment is required for longlasting deficits. Supporting their hypothesis that acutely administered cocaine is sufficient to alter learning, other investigators have shown that a single cocaine exposure can induce context-dependent behavioral sensitization (Jackson and Nutt, 1993;Alesdatter and Kalivas, 1993;Ungless et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%