A smart card CMOS circuit with magnetic power and communication interface

Bouvier, J.; Thorigne, Y.; Sajjad, Hassan; Revillet, M.J.; Senn, P.

doi:10.1109/isscc.1997.585391

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Various schemes have been proposed to eliminate the need for batteries in a portable digital system [9]. The most familiar ambient energy source is solar power, but other examples include electromagnetic fields (used in RF powered ID tags [10], inductively powered smart cards [11], or noninvasive pacemaker battery recharging [12]), thermal gradients, fluid flow, energy produced by the human body [13], and the action of gravitational fields [14]. A generator based on transducing mechanical vibrations can be enclosed to protect it from a harsh environment, it functions in a constant temperature field, and a person can activate it by shaking it.…”

Section: A Sources Of Ambient Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-powered signal processing using vibration-based power generation

Amirtharajah

Chandrakasan

1998

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

524

216

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Low power design trends raise the possibility of using ambient energy to power future digital systems. A chip has been designed and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of operating a digital system from power generated by vibrations in its environment. A moving coil electromagnetic transducer was used as a power generator. Calculations show that power on the order of 400 W can be generated. The test chip integrates an ultra-low power controller to regulate the generator voltage using delay feedback techniques, and a low power subband filter DSP load circuit. Tests verify 500 kHz self-powered operation of the subband filter, a level of performance suitable for sensor applications. The entire system, including the DSP load, consumes 18 W of power. The chip is implemented in a standard 0.8 m CMOS process. A single generator excitation produced 23 ms of valid DSP operation at a 500 kHz clock frequency, corresponding to 11 700 cycles.

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Section: A Sources Of Ambient Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-powered signal processing using vibration-based power generation

Amirtharajah

Chandrakasan

1998

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

524

216

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“…Fig. 4 shows the simplified schematic of the ASK demodulator used for smart cards [1]. M2 and M3 behave as resistors.…”

Section: Power Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limited power resources available to passive wireless microsystems limit the demodulation scheme of passive microsystems to ASK-based typically as they offer the advantages of simple baseband circuits subsequently low power consumption. ASK demodulators have been widely used in passive wireless microsystems, such as smart cards [1], neural recording microprobes [2,3], retinal prosthetic devices [4], microstimulators [5], wireless local-area sensor networks [6], RFID transponders [7,8], wireless environmental monitoring systems [9], wireless implantable electronics [10], wireless endoscopy [11,12], and hearing-aid devices [13,14]. Table 1 compiles some of the recent work on ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design techniques for ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems: a state-of-the-art review

Yuan

2009

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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ASK demodulators are widely used in passive wireless microsystems due to their simple design and low power consumption. Although a large number of ASK demodulators emerged recently, an in-depth examination of the pros and cons and design constraints of these ASK demodulators is not available. This paper presents a comprehensive in-depth review of the design techniques for ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems. The classification of ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems is introduced. We show that ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems can be classified into three categories on the basis of the information carriers: voltage-mode, current-mode, and mixed-mode. The design constraints of these ASK demodulators differ fundamentally. Challenges encountered in design of ASK modulators for passive wireless microsystems are examined in detail. The configurations of voltage-mode, currentmode and mixed-mode ASK demodulators for passive wireless microsystems emerged recently are studied and their circuit implementations are examined in detail. The performance of these ASK demodulators such as date rates, carrier frequencies, and modulation index is compared.

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“…To produce low-cost smart card solutions, integrated coils have been developed (Bouvier et al, 1997). A reader also contains a coil, which couples magnetically with the smart card, allowing the transmission of power, and data.…”

Section: Radio Power and Magnetic Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%