“…However, this theory no longer applies to torsional nonlinear analysis. Based on softened truss model for torsion (STMT), some researchers (Ding et al, 2013a(Ding et al, , 2013bKo et al, 2013;Mo et al, 2000;Shen et al, 2018aShen et al, , 2018d have carried out investigations on torsional nonlinear performance of CBGCSW. According to previous reference (Hsu, 1988;Hsu and Mo, 2010;Jeng and Hsu, 2009), STMT can be mainly divided into rotatingangle (RA) theory and fixed-angle (FA) theory.…”