A Statistical Analysis of Pesticide Residues on Leafy Vegetables Selling at Agricultural Wholesale Markets in Gwangju

Ryu, Keun-Young; Kim, Jong-Pil; Park, Duckwoong; Lee, Davin; Song, Nanju; Cho, Bae-Sik; Seo, Kyewon; Kim, Sun‐Hee

doi:10.7585/kjps.2020.24.1.91

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since our study was a long-term study for 15 years, validation tests were carried out three times during the research period. This was conducted simultaneously with other previous studies conducted in our institution [13,20,21]. We used Excel 2016 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) to calculate the average value of residual pesticide detection and nonconformity.…”

Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is necessary to have surveillance programs to analyze the trend of pesticide residues in this area of leafy vegetables. Some studies were conducted on pesticide residues of vegetables for a period of not more than five years in South Korea [ 13 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. These papers mainly dealt with research on residual pesticides for the entire agricultural product range and health risk assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, recently, during a residual pesticide test of leafy vegetables, we found several changes in detection compared to the past. Therefore, we thought it necessary to analyze the change in residual pesticide trends in leafy vegetables by comparing the recent analysis (after 2010) with the results from 10 years ago [ 13 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Park¹,

Yang²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Foods

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: Leafy vegetables are widely consumed in South Korea, especially in the form of kimchi and namul (seasoned vegetables) and are used for wrapping meat. Therefore, the management of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables is very important. A total of 17,977 samples (49 leafy vegetables) were mainly collected in the largest production area of leafy vegetables (Gwangju Metropolitan City and Chonnam Province) in South Korea. They were analyzed within the government’s monitoring programs (Gwangju Metropolitan City) of pesticide residues between 2005 and 2019. Pesticide residues were found in 2815 samples (15.7%), and 426 samples (2.4%) from among these exceeded the specified maximum residue limits (MRLs). Samples exceeding the MRLs were mostly detected in spinach, ssamchoo (brassica lee ssp. namai), crown daisy, lettuce, and perilla leaves. Azoxystrobin, dimethomorph, and procymidone were the most frequently detected pesticides. However, procymidone, diniconazole, and lufenuron were found to most frequently exceed the MRLs. The rate of MRLs exceeding has been managed below the average (2.4%) more recently than in the past in this area. Further, leafy vegetables with the most violations of the MRLs in our study in South Korea were not harmful to health by a risk assessment (the range of the hazard index was 0.001–7.6%).

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Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Park¹,

Yang²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Foods

Self Cite

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“…Especially, PFOA, PFOS and those related compounds have been listed on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Stockholm Convention [17,18,29,31,32]. Although the POPs had been banned to produce and use in commercial products, there were frequently detected in environment, crops and wildlife as well as in human [2,14,20,[24][25][26]28,30]. To know the current exposure level of PFOA and PFOS in human, many scientists reported the exposure assessment and scenarios from air, water, food and living environment [1,4,13,37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the plant uptake factor of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) from the three different concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in soil to spinach and Welsh onion

Lee

Choi²,

Rho³

et al. 2020

JABC

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The long-chained perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), are a potential exposure risk in the environment, specifically for humans due to high levels of bioaccumulation, persistence, and toxicity. In the current study, the plant uptake factors (PUFs) of spinach and Welsh onion were investigated on the three different concentration levels of PFOA and PFOS in soil. Spinach and Welsh onion were divided into three residue groups, a control group and two levels of PFOA and PFOS. The PFAAs spiked soils were aged for six months and the extractable residue of PFOS in the aged soil was reduced to 30-59% of the initial spiked concentrations for PFOS, while PFOA showed almost the same initial spiked concentrations. The PUFs for PFOA and PFOS were 0.111-2.821 and 0.047-3.175 for spinach, and 0.203-0.738 and 0.035-0.181 for Welsh onion, respectively. The highest PUF values in both vegetable were displayed when the residual concentration of PFAAs were part-per-billion (ppb) or sub-ppb in soil.

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Comparison of Residue Patterns for Systemic and Non-systemic Pesticides in Strawberry

You¹,

Gwak²,

Chang³

2020

Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture

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BACKGROUND:The healthy food trend has encouraged the consumption of natural products, including berries. This trend is expected to increase the strawberry consumption. There has been a concern about the exposure of pesticides approved for use on strawberry. In this study, the dissipation patterns of systemic and non-systemic pesticides were evaluated in strawberry under plastic-covered greenhouse conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cyflumetofen and dimethomorph were applied on strawberry in the critical GAP (Good Agricultural Practices). Strawberries were harvested at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after final application of the pesticides. The analyses of the residual pesticideswere performed by HPLC-DAD with C 18 column. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) of cyflumetofen and dimethomorph were 0.04 and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The recovery of cyflumetofen and dimethomorph were 88.1 ~ 103.3% and 79.0 ~ 110.2% for the spiked two levels (LOQ and 10LOQ), respectively. The biological half-lives of cyflumetofen and dimethomorph werer 7.5 and 8.9 days, respectively. The dissipation rates in strawberry were calculated by the statistics method at a 95% confidence level. The distribution showed that pesticides with low log Pow were indicated by the decreased dissipation rate and pesticides with similar log Pow and low solubility also showed the decreased dissipation rate. CONCLUSION: The residues of cyflumetofen and dimethomorph in strawberry at time 0 after the final application were below the established MRL in Korea. The dissipation behavior of systemic and non-systemic pesticides in strawberry is affected by their log Pow and water solubility values.

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A Statistical Analysis of Pesticide Residues on Leafy Vegetables Selling at Agricultural Wholesale Markets in Gwangju

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Comparison of the plant uptake factor of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) from the three different concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in soil to spinach and Welsh onion

Comparison of Residue Patterns for Systemic and Non-systemic Pesticides in Strawberry

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