A statistical approach for optimization of R-phycoerythrin extraction from the red algae Gracilaria verrucosa by enzymatic hydrolysis using central composite design and desirability function

Mensi, Fethi; Ksouri, Jamel; Seale, Emma; Romdhane, Mohamed Salah; Fleurence, Joël

doi:10.1007/s10811-011-9712-1

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In addition, the differences between the results could be attributed to the extraction methods. However, enzyme-assisted extraction of G. gracilis produces a high proteins contents compared to the native method 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Results are presented as percentage of dry weight (15%). The R-PE content was determined as described by 13 and the absorbance was measured at 565 nm, which is the maximum of R-PE absorbance. Beer-Lambert law established the absorbance at 565 nm as follows:…”

Section: Determination Of Crude Protein and R-pementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cascading biorefinery, as an alternative to single product extraction approach, aim to extract all components present in the algae biomass 11,12 . According to 13,14 , it is financially attractive to firstly extract R-PE, and then agar will be extracted from the by-product obtained. Furthermore, the agar by-product can be treated as waste to produce biofuels.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Lagoon and Sea Water Depth on Gracilaria gracilis Growth and Biochemical Composition in the Northeast of Tunisia

Mensi

Nasraoui

Bouguerra³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This study evaluated the growth and biochemical composition of farming Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) M. Steentoft, L. M. Irvine & W. F. Farnham in the Bizerte Lagoon (BL) and Bizerte Bay (BB) in the North Coast of Tunisia, using lantern nets. Effects of site and depth on alga daily growth rate (DGR) and biochemical composition were investigated. The DGR was affected by culture site (1.42 ± 0.65% day −1 and 1.19 ± 0.34% day −1 for the BL and the BB respectively). Agar yield, was higher (p < 0.05) in the BB than the BL (23.31 ± 2.64% vs. 19.19 ± 2.32%) with a higher (p < 0.05) 3,6-anhydrogalactose (3,6-AG) contents (41.37 ± 3.68% vs 23.30 ± 5.40%) and a lower (p < 0.05) sulphate degree (6 ± 2.00% vs 8.80 ± 0.86%). The proteins contents were independent of the site and depth of culture (20.74 ± 7.22% and 22.02 ± 6.34% for the BL and the BB respectively). R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) contents were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the BB (0.86 ± 0.31 mg g −1) than those obtained in the BL (0.33 ± 0.12 mg g −1). The salinity, transparency, nitrate and ammonium were monitored in both sites, and their influences were discussed. Our results suggest that G. gracilis cultured in Bizerte Bay can be used in a cascading biorefinery approach. Global seaweed production, largely derived from aquaculture (96.5 percent by volume of the wild-collected and cultivated aquatic plants combined), has changed considerably since 2005 1. This production increased from 13 million in 2005 to reach 30 million tons (live weight) in 2016. Moreover, 99% of the world's production comes from Asian countries, notably China (47.9%), Indonesia (38.7%), Philippines (4.7%), Republic of Korea (4.5%), Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1.6%), Japan (1.3%) and Malaysia (0.7%). Furthermore, trade in aquatic plants increased from USD 60 million in 1976 to more than USD 1 billion in 2016, with Indonesia, Chile and the Republic of Korea the major exporters, and China, Japan and the United States of America the leading importers. Accordingly, red seaweed production accounts for 53% of the world production 1. The most exploited red algae, expressed in a million tons year −1 , are Euchema seaweeds nei and Eucheuma spp. (10.5), Gracilaria spp. (4.1) and Porphyra spp. (1.3). In contrast, the red alga Gracilaria spp. was barely farmed at all in 1990. However, the increase in Gracilaria spp. production, by aquaculture, is mainly due to the growing demand for agar. Consequently, Gracilaria spp. aquaculture has been initiated by many countries, in different regions of the world, such as Thailand, Chile, Vietnam, Portugal, Australia, Brazil and India 2. The red alga Gracilaria gracilis, which grow in Asian coasts, was introduced into the Mediterranean Sea 3 , and established in the lagoons 4-7. Consequently, the alga was found all year round, but is the most component of the BL flora between April and June 4. In Tunisia, the quantity of seaweeds harvested, was restricted along the Bizerte Lagoon and the Tunis Lake, which is inadequate to supply the raw material requi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Determination Of Crude Protein and R-pementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Lagoon and Sea Water Depth on Gracilaria gracilis Growth and Biochemical Composition in the Northeast of Tunisia

Mensi

Nasraoui

Bouguerra³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…EAE has shown its efficiency in seaweed liquefaction, by increasing the digestibility of proteins and enabling the extraction of added-value components such as proteins, bioactive peptides, water-soluble pigments (Rphycoerythrin) and antioxidant compounds (Fleurence et al 1995;Wang et al 2010;Wijesinghe and Jeon 2012;Dumay et al 2013). On vegetable biomass, carbohydrases are generally used, alone or in a cocktail (Sørensen et al 2005;Sørensen et al 2007;Cerveró et al 2010;Mensi et al 2012). In fact, in spite of their different optima for pH and temperature, the use of such enzymes in combination may lead to a higher level of hydrolysis than a single enzyme, indicating a synergistic effect (Sørensen et al 2005;Sørensen et al 2007;Denis et al 2009a;Denis et al 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft liquefaction of the red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu Yamada by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis process

Guillard

Bergé²,

Donnay-Moreno

et al. 2016

J Appl Phycol

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Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis is a recent process, increasingly employed for plant biomass liquefaction and the recovery of soluble biomolecules. However, to our knowledge, it has never been used on seaweeds, particularly wet ones. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of three processes on the liquefaction of the red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu Yamada: enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and their combination, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis (UAEH). These comparisons will allow the identification as to which process achieves the highest extraction yield of water-soluble compounds. For this purpose, experiments were conducted at 40 °C for 6 h using an enzymatic cocktail of four industrial carbohydrases and an original ultrasonic flow-through reactor. After 6 h, similar profiles were observed between EAE and UAE with the recovery of 71-74 % of the initial material into the soluble phase. However, when these processes were combined, up to 91 % solubilized material was observed in the same time, with a synergistic effect after 2 h. From a biochemical point of view, UAEH improved the extraction of nitrogen and carbon compounds and, more precisely, carbohydrates and amino acids. This study demonstrates that ultrasound improved the enzymatic hydrolysis, probably by an increase in the mass transfer and a disruption of the thallus due to the implosion of the cavitation bubbles generated. UAEH is clearly an efficient procedure for the liquefaction of wet seaweeds, enabling the recovery of valuable components.

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“…The importance of Chaetoceros in shrimp aquaculture lies on the fact that it can meet all nutritional requirements of penaeid larvae (Rodriguez, Vay, Mourente & Jones 1994;D'Souza Kelly 2000). In this context, response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for the production optimization of microalgal biomass and valuable compounds such as lipids, polysaccharides and phycobiliproteins (Spolaore, Cassan, Duran & Isambert 2006;Kim, Park, Gim, Jeong, Kang, Kim & Kim 2012;Mensi, Ksouri, Seale, Romdhane & Fleurence 2012). The optimization of growth and biomass production of microalgal cultures by varying one parameter at a time is time consuming and does not give the interactive effects of different factors at a time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of growth requirements of marine diatomChaetoceros muelleriusing Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2016

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The marine centric diatom Chaetoceros muelleri has been widely used as live feed in fish and shellfish aquaculture due to its excellent nutritional properties. The growth of microalgae is affected by various nutritional and environmental parameters, and species specific optimization of these parameters is essential for the development of cost-effective biomass production process. In this study, the growth of C. muelleri, was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The variables nitrate, phosphate, silicate, temperature, pH, salinity and agitation speed were initially screened for biomass production in C. muelleri using Plackett-Burman experimental design, and it was found that nitrate, phosphate, silicate, temperature and pH significantly influenced the biomass production. These variables were further optimized by central composite design of RSM for biomass production and nutrient composition, and the medium was re-constituted accordingly to have 180 mg L À1 nitrate, 7.5 mg L À1 phosphate, 30 mg L À1 silicate, with optimum growth conditions of temperature at 31°C and pH 6.46. At the end of 10 days culture period under the above conditions, biomass, protein, lipid and carbohydrate significantly increased from 0.360 AE 0.01 mg L À1 , 9.41 AE 0.02%, 18.11 AE 0.01%, 0.6 AE 0.02% to 1.16 AE 0.01 mg L À1 , 11.02 AE 0.01%, 19.58 AE 0.01% and 0.77 AE 0.01% respectively. The biomass production of C. muelleri could be increased 3.2-fold with an improved nutrient profile by modifying the growth factors, the study thus offering an optimized process for biomass production of C. muelleri.

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A statistical approach for optimization of R-phycoerythrin extraction from the red algae Gracilaria verrucosa by enzymatic hydrolysis using central composite design and desirability function

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Lagoon and Sea Water Depth on Gracilaria gracilis Growth and Biochemical Composition in the Northeast of Tunisia

Effect of Lagoon and Sea Water Depth on Gracilaria gracilis Growth and Biochemical Composition in the Northeast of Tunisia

Soft liquefaction of the red seaweed Grateloupia turuturu Yamada by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis process

Optimization of growth requirements of marine diatomChaetoceros muelleriusing Response Surface Methodology

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