A statistical method for velocity detection in moving powder beds using image analysis

Willemsz, Tofan A; Tran, Tuan; Hoeven, Martijn van der; Hooijmaijers, Ricardo; Frijlink, Henderik W.; Vromans, Herman; Maarschalk, Kees van der Voort

doi:10.1002/aic.12624

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The powder surface velocity has been measured as previously described (10). The powder velocities (v p ) were determined at the conditions described in Table I, and Fig.…”

Section: Powder Surface Velocity and Abrasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stokes Number Approach to Support Scale-Up and Technology Transfer of a Mixing Process

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Transferring processes between different scales and types of mixers is a common operation in industry. Challenges within this operation include the existence of considerable differences in blending conditions between mixer scales and types. Obtaining the correct blending conditions is crucial for the ability to break up agglomerates in order to achieve the desired blend uniformity. Agglomerate break up is often an abrasion process. In this study, the abrasion rate potential of agglomerates is described by the Stokes abrasion (St Abr ) number of the system. The St Abr number equals the ratio between the kinetic energy density of the moving powder bed and the work of fracture of the agglomerate. In this study, the St Abr approach demonstrates to be a useful tool to predict the abrasion of agglomerates during blending when technology is transferred between mixer scales/types. Applying the St Abr approach revealed a transition point between parameters that determined agglomerate abrasion. This study gave evidence that (1) below this transition point, agglomerate abrasion is determined by a combination of impeller effects and by the kinetic energy density of the powder blend, whereas (2) above this transition point, agglomerate abrasion is mainly determined by the kinetic energy density of the powder blend.

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“…The powder surface velocity has been measured as previously described (10). The powder velocities (v p ) were determined at the conditions described in Table I, and Fig.…”

Section: Powder Surface Velocity and Abrasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stokes Number Approach to Support Scale-Up and Technology Transfer of a Mixing Process

et al. 2012

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“…The true density of the MCC was determined using a pycnometer (AccuPyc 1330, Micromeritics, Norcross, USA) using nitrogen as test gas and was found to be (1,600 kg/ m 3 ). The mechanical properties (Young's modulus, Y, and strength, σ s ) of the bCTPs were characterized as described in Willemsz et al (10).…”

Section: Model Agglomerates (Brittle Calibrated Test Particles)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The powder flow was recorded using a high-speed video camera (Casio-EX-F1, Casio Computer Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) operating at a speed of 600 frames per second. The data were analyzed according to Willemsz et al [10] to gain powder surface velocities.…”

Section: Powder Surface Velocimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Characterization of Agglomerate Abrasion in a Tumbling Blender by Using the Stokes Number Approach

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Removal of microcrystalline cellulose agglomerates in a dry-mixing system (lactose, 100 M) predominantly occurs via abrasion. The agglomerate abrasion rate potential is estimated by the Stokes abrasion (St Abr ) number of the system. The St Abr number equals the ratio between the kinetic energy density of the moving powder bed and the work of fracture of the agglomerate. Basically, the St Abr number concept describes the blending condition of the dry-mixing system. The concept has been applied to investigate the relevance of process parameters on agglomerate abrasion in tumbling blenders. Here, process parameters such as blender rotational speed and relative fill volumes were investigated. In this study, the St Abr approach revealed a transition point between abrasion rate behaviors. Below this transition point, a blending condition exists where agglomerate abrasion is dominated by the kinetic energy density of the powder blend. Above this transition point, a blending condition exists where agglomerates show (undesirable) slow abrasion rates. In this situation, the blending condition is mainly determined by the high fill volume of the filler.

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Numerical study of agglomerate abrasion in a tumbling mixer

Nguyên

Willemsz

Frijlink

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Science

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A statistical method for velocity detection in moving powder beds using image analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

The Stokes Number Approach to Support Scale-Up and Technology Transfer of a Mixing Process

The Stokes Number Approach to Support Scale-Up and Technology Transfer of a Mixing Process

Quantitative Characterization of Agglomerate Abrasion in a Tumbling Blender by Using the Stokes Number Approach

Numerical study of agglomerate abrasion in a tumbling mixer

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