A step towards sustainable aquaculture: Multiobjective feed formulation reduces environmental impacts at feed and farm levels for rainbow trout

Wilfart, Aurélie; Garcia-Launay, Florence; Terrier, Frédéric; Soudé, Espoir; Aguirre, Pierre; Skiba‐Cassy, Sandrine

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738826

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The importance of FCR and aquafeeds, in general, has been emphasized by numerous LCA practitioners. Several studies have already concluded that feed production constitutes a major environmental impact source (e.g., Aubin, 2013; Bohnes et al, 2019; Wilfart et al, 2023). Although organic feed helps reduce environmental impacts in many categories, its higher proportion of fishmeal and fish oil, which are rich in P (Oliva-Teles et al, 2015), leads to a greater release of phosphate into the environment in the organic production scenario, resulting in an increased risk of FEP as shown in Figure S1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the environmental impacts of conventional and organic scenarios of rainbow trout farming in France

Pouil,

Besson,

Phocas

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In France, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming traditionally used flow-through systems, which raised concerns about environmental impacts, including limited freshwater availability, and the use of ingredients from intensive agriculture and fishing. To address the growing demand for sustainable food products, there is an increasing interest in organic aquaculture. In this study, we employed an attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) to analyse the environmental impacts of rainbow trout production. We simulated conventional and organic production practices in a hypothetical fish farm to evaluate the differences in environmental impacts at the farm level. The potential impacts were calculated using a product-based functional unit (one tonne of trout) under the two production scenarios and were also expressed using a surface-based functional unit (m2y). Our life cycle impact assessment revealed that organic farming significantly reduced environmental impacts per tonne of trout in seven out of the nine selected impact categories. Notably, freshwater ecotoxicity exhibited the greatest difference, with organic systems showing a 55% decrease. The only exceptions were freshwater eutrophication and water dependence, where organic production led to higher impacts per tonne of trout. In conventional farming, emissions amounted to 14 kg of P eq./tonne, whereas in organic farming, the emissions were slightly higher (15 kg of P eq./tonne). For water dependence, one tonne of trout production in the conventional system mobilized 128 103 m3 vs. 185 103 m3 in the organic system. The environmental benefits of organic production were even more marked when using a surface-based functional unit (m2y). We demonstrated the benefits of organic trout production from an environmental perspective. However, our findings highlight the caution needed when interpreting LCA comparisons of such production systems that can be highly influenced by methodological choices such as the functional unit used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the environmental impacts of conventional and organic scenarios of rainbow trout farming in France

Pouil,

Besson,

Phocas

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Two experiments (digestibility and growth) with juvenile rainbow trout were conducted, adapted from protocols described by Wilfart et al (2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially replacing plant protein sources with torula yeast in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feed increases growth and factors related to immune status

Ekmay,

Plagnes‐Juan,

Aguirre

et al. 2024

J World Aquaculture Soc

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In this study, the impact of adding 10% or 20% torula yeast (PB TY10 and PB TY20) to a fishmeal‐free diet on digestibility and growth of juvenile rainbow trout was assessed. The yeast diets were compared with a plant‐only diet (PB) and a diet containing 20% fishmeal (FM). The apparent digestibility of dry matter, protein, energy, and ash of yeast in trout (~120 g) were 78.6%, 93.8%, 84.8%, and 48.7%, respectively. All PB diets had higher protein digestibility and PB TY20 had higher ash digestibility than the FM diet. To assess growth, trout (~44 g) were divided into triplicate tanks (30 per tank) and fed one of the four experimental diets for 12 weeks. The PB diet resulted in lower growth and daily feed intake (p < 0.05), but adding yeast significantly improved them. Final weight of PB TY10 did not differ significantly from that of FM. Expression of oclna and cldn15 in the proximal intestine increased in trout fed yeast (p < 0.05). Expression of tlr2, mcsfr, and tnfa, as well as the plasma lysozyme concentration, increased with PB TY20 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, torula yeast has the potential to improve the robustness and growth of rainbow trout in the context of fishmeal‐free diets.

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“…Nutrient management and feed optimization is also a highly effective method for reducing phosphorus pollution in fish farms [112], and the industry has made significant strides in this regard; the level of phosphorus in fish feeds has been significantly reduced, and feeding regimes have been optimized to reduce the phosphorus content of aquaculture wastes [9,113,114]. For example, supplementary feeding with cereals, such as wheat and other grains, is commonly practiced in semi-intensive aquaculture ponds for species like common carp.…”

Section: Phosphorus Waste Reduction Initiativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To mitigate these environmental concerns, aquaculture endeavours to optimize phosphorus utilization and minimize its environmental footprint. This involves developing innovative feed formulations that enhance phosphorus digestibility and absorption in farmed fish, thereby reducing phosphorus excretion into the environment [9]. Additionally, techniques such as precision feeding, which aim to match feed supply with the nutritional requirements of fish, help prevent excessive phosphorus discharge [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Phosphorus Waste in Open Flow Freshwater Fish Farms: Challenges and Solutions

Nathanailides,

Kolygas,

Tsoumani

et al. 2023

Fishes

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Legislation and interest exists to protect and restore freshwater and marine ecosystems from the environmental impact of aquaculture. However, aquaculture-induced eutrophication remains a major environmental concern. Water soluble phosphorus, uneaten feed, feces, and metabolic waste from farmed fish increase phosphorus concentrations in adjacent waters. In open freshwater fish farms, in particular, the effects can be more immediate, as excess phosphorus is introduced directly into ecosystems. Several intestinal enzymes, transporters, and regulating factors have been implicated in farmed fish dietary phosphorus retention. For example, alkaline phosphatase and other transporters aid in the absorption of phosphorus in the anterior intestine, while pH, calcium, and vitamin D influence these enzymes and transporters. This process may also be influenced by intestinal morphology and the gut microbiome. To reduce phosphorus pollution from open flow fish farms, a thorough understanding of the processes that affect nutrient retention and absorption, as well as the impact of dietary factors, anti-nutritional substances, and intestinal morphology, is required. Aquaculture can be made more sustainable by reducing phosphorus release. This can be achieved by optimizing feed composition, adding functional feed ingredients, managing gut health, and treating effluent aquaculture waters with bioremediation and absorbing materials. Anti-nutritional factors can be mitigated through processing and through the use of functional feed additives. Addressing these issues will reduce aquaculture’s environmental impact, ensuring aquatic ecosystem health and global food security. In addition, treating effluent aquaculture waters with bioremediation and absorbing materials can remove phosphorus from the water, preventing it from entering the environment. This can further reduce the environmental impact of aquaculture and help to ensure the sustainability of this sector.

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A step towards sustainable aquaculture: Multiobjective feed formulation reduces environmental impacts at feed and farm levels for rainbow trout

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Assessing the environmental impacts of conventional and organic scenarios of rainbow trout farming in France

Assessing the environmental impacts of conventional and organic scenarios of rainbow trout farming in France

Partially replacing plant protein sources with torula yeast in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feed increases growth and factors related to immune status

Addressing Phosphorus Waste in Open Flow Freshwater Fish Farms: Challenges and Solutions

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