<p>Radars are expected to become the main sensors in various
civilian applications, ranging from health-care monitoring to autonomous
driving. Their success is mainly due to the availability of both low cost
integrated devices, equipped with compact antenna arrays, and computationally
efficient signal processing techniques. An increasingly important role in the
field of radar signal processing is played by machine learning and deep
learning techniques. Their use has been first taken into consideration in human
gesture and motion recognition, and in various healthcare applications. More recently,
their exploitation in object detection and localization has been also
investigated. The research work accomplished in these areas has raised various
technical problems that need to be carefully addressed before adopting the
above mentioned techniques in real world radar systems. In this manuscript, a
comprehensive overview of the machine learning and deep learning techniques
currently being considered for their use in radar systems is provided.
Moreover, some relevant open problems and current trends in this research area
are analysed. Finally, various numerical results, based on both synthetically
generated and experimental datasets, and referring to two different
applications are illustrated. These allow readers to assess the efficacy of
specific methods and to compare them in terms of accuracy and computational
effort.</p>