A STERILIZATION PROTOCOL FOR THE DICTYOTALES (PHAEOPHYCEAE)¹

Abstract

Following a study on the effect of several physical (brushing and ultrasound) and chemical (antiseptic and antibiotic) treatments on the brown seaweed Stypopodium zonale (Lamoroux) Papenfuss (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae), bactericidal treatments that were not phytotoxic to the alga were selected. The sterilization protocol consisted of 1) surface brushing of the explants, 2) incubation in the antiseptic betadine (0.50%) for 5 min, and 3) incubation in an antibiotic mixture (650 mg · L−1 kanamycin, neomycin, and penicillin G) for 48 h. The response of the material to the treatments was assessed by means of an oxygen electrode, and a bacterial test was performed to test bactericidal efficiency. The protocol rendered photosynthetically active axenic explants of S. zonale and other members of the order (e.g. Zonaria tournefortii(Lam.) Montagne).

Decontamination treatments to eliminate problem biota from macroalgal tank cultures of Osmundea pinnatifida, Palmaria palmata and Ulva lactuca

“…Druehl and Hsiao 1969; Yan 1984; Aguirre-Lipperheide and Evans 1993). These aggressive treatments can severely impact the physiology of macroalgae as they do not possess a protective cuticle, and so are highly susceptible to chemical damage (Fries 1980; Baweja et al 2009; Fernandes et al 2011).…”

“…In addition, KI can lead to iodine staining of the tissue (Kientz et al 2012), which may affect the suitability and value of the treated tissue for food. Iodinated polyvinyl pyrrolidine, also known as Betaine, has also been frequently used in sterilisation protocols, often as a 0.5–1 % solution (Gibor et al 1981; Lee 1985; Aguirre-Lipperheide and Evans 1993), while Lugol’s iodine can be used to remove diatoms from Saccharina latissima sporangia, 0.2 % for 2 min (Rød 2012). Our result from a 10-min exposure to 0.5 % Lugol’s iodine suggests that it may be useful for the removal of either E. siliculosus or U. intestinalis ; however, this was not backed up by significant result, suggesting that KI is the more favourable iodine form to pursue.…”

Protocol for seaweed decontamination to isolate unialgal cultures

“…In general, any one of these treatments alone will probably be ineffective (Oliveira et al, 1995). To ensure success, the decontamination protocol should combine various chemical, physical and/or mechanical treatments (McCracken, 1989;Xuewu & Kloareg, 1992;Aguirre-Lipperheide & Evans, 1993;Oliveira et al, 1995). The establishment of the type of protocol to be applied is directly related to the purpose of the culture.…”