A stimulation program for low birth weight infants.

Scarr‐Salapatek, Sandra; Williams, Margaret L.

doi:10.2105/ajph.62.5.662

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Although the performance of their control infants was superior to that of the experimentals prior to the introduction of stimulation, at the end of 4 weeks, the stimulated infants showed "slight to significant advantages on nearly all the scales." However both our own previous findings [1] and those of Scarr-Salapatek and Williams [4] indicating greater in-nursery weight gain among stimulated infants were not confirmed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…Our results with the Cambridge Scales support the findings of ScarrSalapatek and Williams [4] who demonstrated the beneficial effects of a general stimulation program (visual, tactile, kinesthetic) for a group of 15 black, low-social class, low-birthweight infants. Although the performance of their control infants was superior to that of the experimentals prior to the introduction of stimulation, at the end of 4 weeks, the stimulated infants showed "slight to significant advantages on nearly all the scales."…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Although our intervention program consisted of only tactile stimulation, delivered over a 10-day period, we observed similar improvements in behavioral and early social development to those reported by ScarrSalapatek and Williams [4] who produced a far more complex stimulus environment for their very low social class infants and for over a much longer period of time. It would appear then that for biologically disadvantaged infants, even minimal enrichment conditions could result in more optimal development, at least during and immediately following stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Similar results were observed with weight as the dependent variable when infants received increased kinesthetic stimulation in the form of rocking [ 3]. In a stimulation program that combined tactile, kinesthetic, and visual stimulation, Scarr-Salapatek and Williams [4] found greater alertness, better grasp reflexes, and increased weight gain at the end of from 4 to 6 weeks and higher Cattel scores at the end of 1 year. Finally, with auditory stimulation (mother's voice) as the independent variable, prematures showed greater maturational development and better visual and auditory function [5].…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

“…Although no norms have been developed for low-birthweight infants, differences on several of the Cambridge scales between environmentally enriched and control premature neonates have been demonstrated [4].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tactile stimulation and behavioral development among low-birthweight infants

Solkoff

Matuszak

1975

Child Psych Hum Dev

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The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale was administered to a group of premature infants both prior to and following a nursery program of enriched tactile stimulation. The same instrument was administered twice to a control group of prematures who received no intervening "extra" stimulation. Whereas control infants showed changes of 2 or more points on only 2 of the instrument's 26 scales, the experimental babies showed positive changes of 2 or more points on 11 scales. There were no difference in weight gain between the two groups.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

supporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tactile stimulation and behavioral development among low-birthweight infants

Solkoff

Matuszak

1975

Child Psych Hum Dev

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Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants

Vickers

Ohlsson²,

Lacy³

et al. 1999

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

114

127

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Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants

Vickers

Ohlsson

Lacy

et al. 2004

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

152

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BackgroundIt has been argued that infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units are subject both to a highly stressful environment -continuous, highintensity noise and bright light -and to a lack of the tactile stimulation that they would otherwise experience in the womb or in general mothering care. As massage seems to both decrease stress and provide tactile stimulation, it has been recommended as an intervention to promote growth and development of preterm and low-birth weight infants. ObjectivesTo determine whether preterm and/or low birth-weight infants exposed to massage experience improved weight gain and earlier discharge compared to infants receiving standard care; to determine whether massage has any other beneficial or harmful e ects on this population. Search methodsThe following databases were searched: the specialized register of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group and that of the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field. Searches were also undertaken of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2003), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Psychlit, CINAHL and Dissertation Abstracts International (up to July 1, 2003). Further references were obtained by citation tracking, checking personal files and by correspondence with appropriate experts. Data provided in published reports was supplemented by information obtained by correspondence with authors. There were no language restrictions. Selection criteriaRandomised trials in which infants with gestational age at birth <37 weeks or weight at birth <2500g received systematic tactile stimulation by human hands. At least one outcome assessing weight gain, length of stay, behaviour or development must be reported. Data collection and analysisData extracted from each trial were baseline characteristics of sample, weight gain, length of stay and behavioural and developmental outcomes. Physiological and biochemical outcomes were not recorded. Data were extracted by three reviewers independently. Statistical analysis was conducted using the standard Cochrane Collaboration methods. Main resultsMassage interventions improved daily weight gain by 5.1g (95% CI 3.5, 6.7g). There is no evidence that gentle, still touch is of benefit (increase in daily weight gain 0.2g; 95% CI -1.2, 1.6g). Massage interventions also appeared to reduce length of stay by 4.5 days (95% Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants (Review)

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A stimulation program for low birth weight infants.

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Tactile stimulation and behavioral development among low-birthweight infants

Tactile stimulation and behavioral development among low-birthweight infants

Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants

Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants

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