A Strategic Roadmap for the Manufacturing Industry to Implement Industry 4.0

Abstract

Industry 4.0 (also referred to as digitization of manufacturing) is characterized by cyber physical systems, automation, and data exchange. It is no longer a future trend and is being employed worldwide by manufacturing organizations, to gain benefits of improved performance, reduced inefficiencies, and lower costs, while improving flexibility. However, the implementation of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies is a difficult task and becomes even more challenging without any standardized approach. The barriers include, but are not limited to, lack of knowledge, inability to realistically quantify the return on investment, and lack of a skilled workforce. This study presents a systematic and content-centric literature review of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies, to highlight their impact on the manufacturing industry. It also provides a strategic roadmap for the implementation of Industry 4.0, based on lean six sigma approaches. The basis of the roadmap is the design for six sigma approach for the development of a new process chain, followed by a continuous improvement plan. The reason for choosing lean six sigma is to provide manufacturers with a sense of familiarity, as they have been employing these principles for removing waste and reducing variability. Major reasons for the rejection of Industry 4.0 implementation methodologies by manufactures are fear of the unknown and resistance to change, whereas the use of lean six sigma can mitigate them. The strategic roadmap presented in this paper can offer a holistic view of phases that manufacturers should undertake and the challenges they might face in their journey toward Industry 4.0 transition.

What Drives the Usage of Management Tools Supporting Industry 4.0 in Organizations?

“…Last but not least, strategic planning also has an important role [ 21 , 43 ], as it is an important first step toward Industry 4.0. Strategic planning thus must set the direction of the organization towards Industry 4.0 [ 68 ]. This is especially important in organizations having a lower level of readiness for Industry 4.0 and still needing to establish the goals associated with Industry 4.0 adoption and implementation.…”

Aplicações da Realidade Aumentada na Manufatura: uma Revisão da Literatura

“…A terminologia de Indústria 4.0 é considerada recente, porém as suas tecnologias habilitadoras, ilustradas na Figura 1, existem há décadas e têm beneficiado expressivamente várias indústrias. Logo, a Indústria 4.0 é caracterizada por Sistemas Físicos Cibernéticos, os quais permitem a fusão dos mundos reais e virtuais em tempo real [18]. Verifica-se na Figura 1 que, existem nove pilares da Indústria 4.0: Manufatura Aditiva (3D); Realidade Aumentada; Simulação; Robôs Autônomos; Internet das Coisas; Big Data; Computação em Nuvem; Sistemas Físicos Cibernéticos; e Integração Vertical e Horizontal.…”

“…Com esses benefícios, a Indústria 4.0 vem ganhando atenção da academia, empresas e até mesmo de governos. Neste sentido, cada país com experiência em manufatura está financiando as iniciativas que poderão posicioná-los como promotores de instalações fabris avançadas ou também denominadas de fábricas inteligentes [18].…”

“…Quadro 1: Princípios da Indústria 4.0. [19]; [21] Diante do exposto, é preciso compreender que, a Realidade Aumentada está inter-relacionada com os princípios de virtualização (visualização); de descentralização; de adaptação da produção em tempo real; e de orientação aos serviços, detalhados no Quadro 1 [18]; [22]. A indústria de manufatura está mudando e se inserindo em uma nova era com dispositivos inteligentes e conectados.…”

Market-Oriented Procurement Planning Leading to a Higher Service Level and Cost Optimization

“…Recent research pointed to new opportunities for reducing disruption risks using data-driven approaches, and the analyses of the COVID-19 evolution provide significant evidence for the urgent needs of supply chain digital twins [12]. Simulation software can help to solve manufacturing challenges, such as the impact of investment and inventory planning in applying lean manufacturing techniques, and Industry 4.0 approaches, such as the Industrial Internet of things for better inventory management [13] Based on the arguments exposed, the objective of the research paper is to develop a conceptual model of responses to the need to improve inventory management when facing highly uncertain demand [14] to provide supplier reaction time to changes, stock optimization for a required service level as a guideline for managers, as well as to provide a real service to humanity [14]. Some of the above-mentioned situations will depend on a specific event with an unknown probability and Company cybernetics can be defined as meta-science with a theoretical approach that transfers the general methods and results of cybernetics related to the functional description of dynamic systems to be used to model the "company" as a system [17].…”