A structural health monitoring fastener for tracking fatigue crack growth in bolted metallic joints

Rakow, A; Chang, Fu‐Kuo

doi:10.1177/1475921711429497

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, insofar no technology has been able to satisfy all of the above-mentioned requirements [24,25]. Furthermore, most of the works have focused on monitoring the structural integrity of the bolted joints during machine operation after a tightening step such as monitoring the fatigue crack of the joints and detecting contact status between the clamped parts, although up to 90% of the failures originate from an inappropriate preload application in the initial tightening process [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple, Reusable and Low-Cost LVDT-Based in Situ Bolt Preload Monitoring System during Fastening for a Truck Wheel Assembly

Jang

Nam

Lee

et al. 2019

Metals

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The aim of this study is to design and test a new, simple, and reusable linear variable differential transformer (LVDT)-based in situ bolt preload monitoring system (L-PMS) during fastening of a truck wheel assembly. Instead of measuring the elongation of a bolt, the distance between the end surfaces of both the bolt and nut was monitored via the L-PMS. The distance obtained from the L-PMS was experimentally correlated with the actual preload measured by a washer-type load cell. Since the variation of the distance is related to the stiffness of the bolt and clamped parts, a finite element analysis was also conducted to predict the sensitivity of L-PMS. There was a strong linear relationship between the distance and bolt preload after the bolt and nut were fully snugged. However, a logarithm-shaped nonlinear relationship was irregularly observed before getting snugged, making it difficult to define a clear relationship. In order to tackle this issue, an arc-shaped conductive line was screen-printed onto the surface of the clamped parts using a conductive carbon paste. The results show that a resistance variation of the conductive line during fastening enables to determine the snug point, so the L-PMS combined with resistance measurement results in an approximately ±6% error in the measurement of bolt preload. The proposed L-PMS offers a simple but highly reliable way for measuring bolt preload during fastening, which could be utilized in a heavy-truck production line.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple, Reusable and Low-Cost LVDT-Based in Situ Bolt Preload Monitoring System during Fastening for a Truck Wheel Assembly

Jang

Nam

Lee

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…The flexible eddy current sensor is a kind of eddy current sensor manufactured by flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) technics, which is shown in Fig.1 [3,4]. Those senses are flexible, lightweight, and fit for SHM application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…JENTEK Sensors Inc. has developed the Meandering Winding Magnetometer (MWM) and the measurement grid inversion method, which has been used to detect and monitor fatigue cracks [5,6]. Alexi Rakow1 and Fu-Kuo Chang developed a structural health monitoring (SHM) fastener, which consisting of a conformable eddy current sensor film that is integrated with a metallic sleeve that goes around the fastener shank, for in situ monitoring of fatigue [3]. Ioannis Pitropakis and Helge Pfeiffer developed a flat coil sensor based on eddy current technology, for the purpose of structural health monitoring of critical aircraft components [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topology Optimization of Rosette Eddy Current Array Sensor for Quantitative Monitoring Crack

Du¹,

Chen²,

He³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 5th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 20

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Abstract:In order to increase the crack monitoring sensitivity of a rosette eddy current array sensor, a crack-monitoring system was established, and an equivalent sensor model was developed by COMSOL. Then the influence of the sensor's topology on its sensitivity was investigated. The results indicate that the sense's sensitivity would reach the maximum when put the exciting and sensing windings in same plane. Increasing the horizontal space between exciting and sensing winding(D H ) will enhance the sensor's sensitivity but reduce the sensor's output voltage. When increase the layer of winding, the output voltage will increase sharply and the sensor's sensitivity would decrease gradually. As the higher output voltage would facilitate the crack monitoring, there is a tradeoff between the sensor's output voltage and crack monitoring sensitivity in engineering application.

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“…Fatigue cracks are commonly regarded as a principal failure mode for various structural and mechanical systems [7,8]. In recent years, a lot of attention has been paid to the methods which combine fatigue crack propagation models with Bayes’ theorem for fatigue crack propagation prognosis, including stochastic filters [9,10,11,12,13,14,15] and the Bayesian inference [16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on a Lamb Wave and Particle Filter-Based On-Line Crack Propagation Prognosis Method

Chen

Yuan

Cai

2016

Sensors

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Prognostics and health management techniques have drawn widespread attention due to their ability to facilitate maintenance activities based on need. On-line prognosis of fatigue crack propagation can offer information for optimizing operation and maintenance strategies in real-time. This paper proposes a Lamb wave-particle filter (LW-PF)-based method for on-line prognosis of fatigue crack propagation which takes advantages of the possibility of on-line monitoring to evaluate the actual crack length and uses a particle filter to deal with the crack evolution and monitoring uncertainties. The piezoelectric transducers (PZTs)-based active Lamb wave method is adopted for on-line crack monitoring. The state space model relating to crack propagation is established by the data-driven and finite element methods. Fatigue experiments performed on hole-edge crack specimens have validated the advantages of the proposed method.

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A structural health monitoring fastener for tracking fatigue crack growth in bolted metallic joints

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

A Simple, Reusable and Low-Cost LVDT-Based in Situ Bolt Preload Monitoring System during Fastening for a Truck Wheel Assembly

A Simple, Reusable and Low-Cost LVDT-Based in Situ Bolt Preload Monitoring System during Fastening for a Truck Wheel Assembly

Topology Optimization of Rosette Eddy Current Array Sensor for Quantitative Monitoring Crack

Research on a Lamb Wave and Particle Filter-Based On-Line Crack Propagation Prognosis Method

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