HeLa cells contain fl-adrenergic receptors that are characterized by specific binding of 1{3H]dihydroalprenolol, increased 3':5'-cyclic AMP production in intact cells after incubation with 1-isoproterenol, and increased adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing) (6,7) and supersensitivity after denervation and other manipulations (8, 9) and the role of modulators in the production of intracellular "second messengers."Because of the widespread distribution of fl-adrenergic receptors, which are important in catecholamine-mediated physiological events, and the apparent tight coupling between these receptors and adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphatelyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.11, this system is a valuable model for the study of biochemical factors regulating receptors. Through the use of radioactive fl-adrenergic antagonists it has been possible to characterize unambiguously a binding site of the fl-adrenergic receptor in various cell types and to correlate its binding characteristics with studies of fl-receptor-dependent activation of adenylate cyclase (7,8,(10)(11)(12). Because it is possible to study the binding site of the fl-adrenergic receptor separately from the ability of fl-adrenergic agonists to activate adenylate cyclase, independent evaluation of the number of receptors and their ability to function can be made (12).To further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms controlling Abbreviation: cAMP, adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate.