A study of association of urinary nephrin with albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Kondapi, Kishore; Kumar, N Lakshmana; Moorthy, Swathi; Silambanan, Santhi

doi:10.4103/ijn.ijn_305_19

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Additionally, an increase in the ratio of normoalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria results in a corresponding rise in urethral nephrin. It could highlight how podocyte metabolic activity plays a part in diabetes-related kidney disease [ 16 ].…”

Section: Emerging Novel Biomarkers For Detecting Acute Kidney Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proficient Novel Biomarkers Guide Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury: A Review

2022

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The definition of acute kidney injury (AKI), despite improvements in criteria, continues to be based on the level of serum creatinine and urinary output that do not specifically indicate tubular function or injury, or glomerular function or injury that is not significant enough to warrant acute hospitalization of the patient. Finding novel biomarkers of AKI has become a major focus nowadays in nephrology to overcome the further complications of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Many compounds, such as KIM 1, IL 18, NGAL, uromodulin, calprotectin, vanin 1, galactin 3, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), urinary Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), retinol binding protein (RBP) and Cystatin C, are released from the renal tubules and thus any alterations in tubular function can be detected by measuring these parameters in urine. Additionally, glomerular injury can be detected by measuring immunoglobulin G, nephrin, podocalyxin, podocin, transferrin, netrin-1, pyruvate kinase M2, etc. in urine. These novel biomarkers will be useful for timing the initial insult and assessing the duration of AKI. According to available research, these biomarkers could be applied to assess the onset of AKI, distinguishing between kidney injury and dysfunction, directing the management of AKI, and enhancing disease diagnosis. Therefore, we intend to present recent developments in our understanding of significant biomarkers implicated in various aspects of renal damage. Numerous biomarkers are implicated in various pathophysiological processes that follow renal injury, and can improve prognosis and risk classification.

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Section: Emerging Novel Biomarkers For Detecting Acute Kidney Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proficient Novel Biomarkers Guide Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury: A Review

2022

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“…Furthermore, the urinary nephrin proportionately increases from normoalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria. This might emphasize the role of podocyte metabolism in diabetic kidney disease [31][32][33].…”

Section: Nephrinmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease

Mizdrak

Kumrić

Kurir

et al. 2022

JPM

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major and serious global health problem that leads to kidney damage as well as multiple systemic diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment are two major measures to prevent further deterioration of kidney function and to delay adverse outcomes. However, the paucity of early, predictive and noninvasive biomarkers has undermined our ability to promptly detect and treat this common clinical condition which affects more than 10% of the population worldwide. Despite all limitations, kidney function is still measured by serum creatinine, cystatin C, and albuminuria, as well as estimating glomerular filtration rate using different equations. This review aims to provide comprehensive insight into diagnostic methods available for early detection of CKD. In the review, we discuss the following topics: (i) markers of glomerular injury; (ii) markers of tubulointerstitial injury; (iii) the role of omics; (iv) the role of microbiota; (v) and finally, the role of microRNA in the early detection of CKD. Despite all novel findings, none of these biomarkers have met the criteria of an ideal early marker. Since the central role in CKD progression is the proximal tubule (PT), most data from the literature have analyzed biomarkers of PT injury, such as KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1), NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), and L-FABP (liver fatty acid-binding protein).

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Urinary Nephrin is a Sensitive Marker to Predict Early Onset of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ganesh

Mannangatti

2022

J Lab Physicians

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Objective The present study has been designed to evaluate urinary nephrin that best predicts the occurrence of renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its correlation with clinical parameters of nephropathy. Materials and Methods A total of 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus and 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited. Biochemical and clinical parameters were analyzed in all the study participants. Analysis of variance was performed to compare the differences between the groups. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the association of nephrin with clinical parameters of nephropathy. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to study the diagnostic accuracy of markers to identify diabetic nephropathy. Results The levels of nephrin were significantly elevated in both groups of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients when compared with healthy individuals (p = 0.0001). The urinary nephrin was positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (r = 0.520, 0.657, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = –0.539, p < 0.0001). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of nephrin for nephropathy were 100 and 88%, respectively, and urinary albumin creatinine ratio was 43 and 76%, respectively. Conclusion The study findings suggest that nephrin levels are strongly and positively associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and it has a greater potential to be an early predictable marker of nephropathy than urinary albumin creatinine ratio.

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A study of association of urinary nephrin with albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Proficient Novel Biomarkers Guide Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury: A Review

Proficient Novel Biomarkers Guide Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury: A Review

Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease

Urinary Nephrin is a Sensitive Marker to Predict Early Onset of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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