A study of evaluation of various risk factors of retinal vein occlusion

Abstract

Background: A study of various ocular & systemic risk factors in Retinal Vein Occulation (RVO) at tertiary eye care centre. Methods: A prospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients, in period of September 2010 to August 2012. Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >25 years, 2. All newly diagnosed cases of vein occlusion. Exclusion criteria: 1. Age <25 years 2. All other ocular diseases causing significant visual impairment. A detailed history, ophthalmic & systemic examinations with all necessary investigations-as and when required were done. Results: In our study, RVOs were more common in males-26 (52%) & in 56-65 years of age group-16 (32%). BRVO (Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion)s were more common than CRVO (Central Retinal Vein Occlusion)-Nonischemic (26%) >Ischemic (24%). In risk factors-most common was hypertension-in 38 (76%) patients. Followed by descending order, hyperlipidemia 27 (54%) >diabetes mellitus 16 (32%) >tobacco 14 (28%) >hyper homocystinemia 4 (8%) >severe alcohol 2 (4%). The complications were more in ischemic than Nonischemic-CRVO >BRVO-they were macular edema 43 (86%) >neovascularization at iris-14 (28%) >neovascularization at angle-10 (20%) >neovascular glaucoma-4 (8%). Conclusion: RVOs are more common with increasing age, in males & most common risk factor is hypertensive. Most common cause for vision loss is macular edema-ischemic >non-ischemic.

A study of ocular morbidities associated with retinal vein occlusion

“…The incidence of ocular complications was much more in CRVO patients as compared to those with BRVO and HRVO (p<0.05). This is comparable to the studies of Sankar B et al 4,5 Fiebai B et al 4 and Prajapati VA et al 6 Sankar B et al 4,5 reported that 9 of the 13 cases of CRVO had macular edema, 4 cases showed CNP. 4 out of 35 cases of BRVO, showed areas of capillary non perfusion (CNP) alone, without neovascularisation, out of which 1 had CNP more than 5 DD.…”

“…Prajapati VA et al 6 observed that, vision loss was more in CRVO than BRVO. Macular edema was found to be the most common complication, reported in 43 (86%) patients, and neovascular glaucoma was found in 10 (20%) patients.…”

Retinal Vein Occlusion -Risk Factors in Younger Patients

“…The patients studied in the sample were from 16 to 50 years of age with mean age of 38.45.Out of 52 patients, 29 (56%) were males and 23 (42%) females. In a study conducted in India by Prajapathi et al in 2014 showed that the prevalence of retinal vein occlusion was more among males (5) . As most of the current studies were based on older age groups, we highlighted on the incidence of venous occlusions in younger age group up to 50 years with majority (71%) of cases in the 41 to 50 years.…”

The efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implant for branch retinal vein occlusion related macular edema

“…1 Major risk factors for RVO include hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidaemias, pregnancy, oral contraceptives and inherited thrombophilia. [4][5][6][7] BRVO can also occur as a complication of local or systemic vasculitis. It can also be associated with severe immunodeficiency and cytomegalovirus retinitis.…”