A study of hallucination in normal subjects—II. Electrophysiological data

McCreery, Charles; Claridge, Gordon

doi:10.1016/0191-8869(96)00116-x

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Further support for a link between positive psychotic symptoms and AP has been provided from healthy schizotypal individuals [34,35]. These authors observed that healthy individuals, who have experienced an OBE at least once in their lifetime, also reported higher positive, but not negative, schizotypal thoughts.…”

Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 59%

“…These authors observed that healthy individuals, who have experienced an OBE at least once in their lifetime, also reported higher positive, but not negative, schizotypal thoughts. Moreover, those who experienced OBEs also were those who were more prone to experience other positive "psychotic-like" experiences, such as hallucinations and involuntary imagery in situations of mild sensory limitation and physical relaxation compared with subjects who never experienced an OBE [34]. The relationship between OBEs and positive "psychotic-like" experiences is additionally supported by studies that have shown that people with OBEs also had elevated paranormal belief scores [36] and reported hallucination-like experiences more frequently [37••] (additional information linking OBE with personality, behavior, or drug use can be found elsewhere [38,39]).…”

Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The demystification of autoscopic phenomena: Experimental propositions

Möhr

Blanke²

2005

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The demystification of autoscopic phenomena: Experimental propositions

Möhr

Blanke²

2005

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…Those high in positive schizotypy and related traits exhibit altered cognition in perceptual, spatial, and linguistic domains, among others (e.g., McCreery and Claridge, 1996, 2002; van de Ven and Merckelbach, 2003). For example, individuals high in positive schizotypal traits were more likely to detect the presence of meaningful patterns (e.g., words) in visual displays where this information was absent (Tsakanikos and Reed, 2005; see also Fyfe et al, this issue).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transliminal brain at rest: Baseline EEG, unusual experiences, and access to unconscious mental activity

Fleck

Green

Stevenson

et al. 2008

Cortex

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Transliminality reflects individual differences in the threshold at which unconscious processes or external stimuli enter into consciousness. Individuals high in transliminality possess characteristics such as magical ideation, belief in the paranormal, and creative personality traits, and also report the occurrence of manic/mystic experiences. The goal of the present research was to determine if resting brain activity differs for individuals high versus low in transliminality. We compared baseline EEG recordings (eyes-closed) between individuals high versus low in transliminality, assessed using The Revised Transliminality Scale of Lange et al. (2000). Identifying reliable differences at rest between high-and low-transliminality individuals would support a predisposition for transliminality-related traits. Individuals high in transliminality exhibited lower alpha, beta, and gamma power than individuals low in transliminality over left posterior association cortex and lower high alpha, low beta, and gamma power over the right superior temporal region. In contrast, when compared to individuals low in transliminality, individuals high in transliminality exhibited greater gamma power over the frontal-midline region. These results are consistent with prior research reporting reductions in left temporal/parietal activity, as well as the desynchronization of right temporal activity in schizotypy and related schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Further, differences between high-and low-transliminality groups extend existing theories linking altered hemispheric asymmetries in brain activity to a predisposition toward schizophrenia, paranormal beliefs, and unusual experiences.

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“…With some exceptions [14][15][16][17][18], most of the modern OBE studies have not tried to relate spontaneously occurring OBEs to the outcome of laboratory tasks. However, such an approach to the study of human experience is common in other areas of psychology, for example in studies of absorption [19], schizophrenia [20], and hallucinations [21], among others.…”

Section: Cognitive Variables and Altered States Of Consciousnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea that laboratory measurements and experiences can differentiate those who have had OBEs from those who have not had OBEs was supported by the pioneering work of McCreery and Claridge [17,18]. In one of their studies McCreery and Claridge [17] required OBErs and non-OBErs to complete physical and mental relaxation exercises as well as an imagery task which con sisted of imagining yourself floating above the body.…”

Section: Cognitive Variables and Altered States Of Consciousnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-Body Experiences: Alterations of Consciousness and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Alvarado

Zingrone

Dalton

1999

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

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Spontaneous out-of-body experiences (OBEs) were studied in relation to spontaneous alterations of consciousness and to laboratory-induced altera tions of consciousness in the ganzfeld in ninety-seven artists. We predicted positive relationships between claims of OBEs and claims of parapsychological phenomena, spontaneous alteration of consciousness, lucid dreams, openness to experience, and alterations of consciousness in the ganzfeld. Three of the predicted relationships were statistically significant. The OBE group (N = 42) had a higher mean index of parapsychological experiences than the non-OBE group (N = 24). OBE experiences also reported a sig nificantly higher frequency of spontaneous experiences of losing awareness of surroundings and losing a sense of time. These results were consistent with Blackmore's OBE model in the sense that individuals who claimed to experience OBEs also experienced other spontaneous changes in their cogni tive maps.Recent studies of out-of-body experiences (OBEs), or the experience in which a person feels that their self or their center of awareness is located outside of their physical body, have followed a psychological approach. That is, they have tried to relate the experience to cognitive and personality variables (for reviews see [1][2][3]). Correlating the OBE to these variables-including absorption, fantasy

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A study of hallucination in normal subjects—II. Electrophysiological data

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

The demystification of autoscopic phenomena: Experimental propositions

The demystification of autoscopic phenomena: Experimental propositions

The transliminal brain at rest: Baseline EEG, unusual experiences, and access to unconscious mental activity

Out-of-Body Experiences: Alterations of Consciousness and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

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