A study of metal ignitions I. The spontaneous ignition of titanium

Littman, F.E.; Church, F.M.; Kinderman, E.M.

doi:10.1016/0022-5088(61)90012-1

Cited by 38 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In their review of models for metal ignition Breiter et al (1977) reported that the ignition temperature of Ti powder varies between 400 and I 100°C. Another interesting paper is by Littman et al (1961) who found that spontaneous ignition of massive shapes of titanium can occur at room temperature when a fresh, oxide-free metal surface is exposed to oxygen under pressure. Such surfaces were produced by the rupture of a titanium specimen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Experimental Study of Titanium Powder Reactivity in Gaseous Environments. Part I: Oxidation

Rode

Hlaváček

1994

Combustion Science and Technology

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A simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer with a range from 20 to t600'C was used to study the oxidation ofTi powder. The influences of powder morphology, initial oxygen and nitrogen content and the effects of heating rate and sample size were investigated. All the oxidation experiments terminated at the sample ignition point with an associated heating effect that induced sample melting.The ignition temperature for oxidation increasedwith higherinitialoxygen content, and the nature of the ignition processchanged:the transitionfrompassivity to combustion via a regimeof gradual oxidation collapsed, bypassing the initial oxidation process observed for powders with lower initial oxygen contents.Cracking of the protective oxide scale played an important part in this behavior. The complete history of the powder needs to be known in order to characterizeits reactivity: simple measurable powder characteristics like particle size, surfacearea and oxygen content alone, are not sufficientfor the determination or powder reactivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Experimental Study of Titanium Powder Reactivity in Gaseous Environments. Part I: Oxidation

Rode

Hlaváček

1994

Combustion Science and Technology

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“…In <35% oxygen, autoignition of titanium is not likely to occur at room temperature regardless of the total pressure [52]. Temperature, oxygen pressure, and concentration determine the boundary conditions for autoignition of titanium [52,53]. Once initiated, the reaction is self-sustaining due to the high solubility of the oxide in the molten metal.…”

Section: General Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propagation will occur in much lower oxygen atmospheres and is promoted by the presence of steam and quenched by water. By observing the thresholds for safe operation and taking some design and operating precautions, titanium can be successfully utilized in applications involving pressurized oxygen [52][53][54].…”

Section: General Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Been

Grauman²

2011

Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook

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“…Температура воспламенения бериллия может быть снижена нагреванием металла в инертной ат-мосфере с последующим его контактом с окислительной средой, например, нагреванием бериллиевого порошка в аргоне перед вводом окислителя [30], разрывом нагретых бериллиевых проволок в окисли-тельной атмосфере [31] или подачей горячих бериллиевых паров в окислительный газ [32].…”

Section: основные закономерности воспламенения бериллияunclassified

Some Characteristics of Fine Beryllium Particle Ignition and Combustion

Давыдов¹,

Kholopova²,

Kolbasov³

2010

PAST-TF

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Бериллиевая пыль будет образовываться при взаимодействии плазмы с бериллиевым защитным покрытием первой стенки реактора ИТЭР. Экзотермические реакции между этой пылью и водяным паром или воздухом, которые могут про никнуть в вакуумную камеру при некоторых авариях, представляют опасность для реактора. В данной статье даётся обзор результатов исследований воспламенения и горения бериллия, в основном мелких бериллиевых частиц (пыли). Химически активная среда и повышенная температура являются предпосылками для их воспламенения. Оксидные плёнки, создающие диффузионный барьер на поверхности бериллиевых частиц при окислении, предшествующем горению, затрудняют воспламенение. Температу-ра, при которой начинается горение частиц, зависит от температуры пламени, размера частиц, состава горючей смеси, скорости подвода тепла и других факторов. В смесях, обогащённых горючим компонентом, температура пламени, необходимая для вос-пламенения отдельных частиц, близка к температуре кипения бериллия.Ключевые слова: бериллиевая пыль, окисление, воспламенение, горение, оксидная плёнка. SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF FINE BERYLLIUM PARTICLE IGNITION AND COMBUSTION. D.A. DAVYDOV, O.V. KHOLOPOVA, B.N. KOLBASOV. Beryllium dust will be produced under plasma interaction with beryllium armor of the first wall in ITER. Exothermal reaction of this dust with water steam or air, which can leak into the reactor vacuum chamber in some accidents, gives concern in respect to reactor safety. Results of studies devoted to ignition and combustion of fine beryllium particles are reviewed in this paper. A chemically active medium and elevated temperature are prerequisite to the ignition of beryllium particles, which is hampered by oxide films, forming a diffusion barrier on the particle surface as a result of pre-flame oxidation. The temperature to initiate combustion of particles depends on flame temperature, particle size, composition of combustible mixture, heating rate and other factors. In mixtures enriched with combustible, the flame temperature necessary to ignite individual particles approaches the beryllium boiling temperature.

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A study of metal ignitions I. The spontaneous ignition of titanium

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

An Experimental Study of Titanium Powder Reactivity in Gaseous Environments. Part I: Oxidation

An Experimental Study of Titanium Powder Reactivity in Gaseous Environments. Part I: Oxidation

Titanium and Titanium Alloys

Some Characteristics of Fine Beryllium Particle Ignition and Combustion

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