A study of molecule formation during laser ablation of graphite in low-pressure nitrogen

Vivien, Céline; Hermann, J.; Perrone, A.; Boulmer‐Leborgne, C.; Luches, A.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/31/10/019

Cited by 132 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Since the bond energies of reactants and products of the reaction are equal, the forward and backward reaction rates are determined by the collision frequency [39]. Therefore, the formation of CN radical occurs at a point near the target surface where the C 2 density is high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of ambient nitrogen gas and laser ablated carbon plume: Formation of CN

Thareja

Dwivedi

Ebihara

2002

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Pulsed laser ablated carbon plasma in a nitrogen background gas in the pressure range from 10 mTorr to 100 Torr is investigated by optical emission spectroscopy using 1.064 and 0.355 lm laser wavelengths. C 2 and CN emission bands dominated the emitted spectrum at all ambient gas pressures at low incident laser intensity commonly used for pulsed laser deposition of thin films. The light intensity of C 2 and CN band heads is highly dependent on laser wavelength, laser energy, and ambient gas pressures. Emission from N þ 2 was detected at all nitrogen pressures. N I and N II are also observed in the emitted spectrum at the background gas pressure greater than 1 Torr. The vibrational temperature of CN species is found to be greater than that of C 2 species. The mechanism of formation of C 2 and CN molecules is discussed. Ó

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of ambient nitrogen gas and laser ablated carbon plume: Formation of CN

Thareja

Dwivedi

Ebihara

2002

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Furthermore, experimental works focusing on the mechanisms of ablation of graphite in the presence of a backgorund gas have outlined the formation of C2 dimers with kinetic energy of several eV. For instance, the collisional heating is increased when increasing the backgound gas pressure reaching 12000 K at a distance of 8 mm from the target whe using about 70 Pa N2 [45]. These conditions seem to meet the requirements for the formation of sp-carbon according to carbon phase diagrams proposed by diferent authors.…”

Section: Figure 3 Cross Sectional Sem Images Of Carbon Pld Films On mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-atom wires produced by nanosecond pulsed laser deposition in a background gas

Casari

Giannuzzi

Russo

2016

Carbon

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Wires of sp-hybridized carbon atoms are attracting interest for both fundamental aspects of carbon science and for their appealing functional properties. The synthesis by physical vapor deposition has been reported to provide sp-rich carbon films but still needs to be further developed and understood in detail. Here the synthesis of carbon-atom wires (CAWs) has been achieved by nanosecond pulsed laser deposition (PLD) expoliting the strong out-of-equilibrium conditions occurring when the ablation plasma is confined in a background gas. Surface Enhnaced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of deposited films indicates that CAWs are mixed with a mainly sp 2 amorphous carbon in a

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“…This technique with temporal resolution has been used by many researchers to investigate the graphite ablation plume. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] The wavelength and spatially resolved measurements of emission spectra of the CO 2 laser ablation plume at the carbon target have been reported recently by us. 26,27 The present paper is aimed at discussing thermochemical processes produced by a high-power IR CO 2 pulsed laser on graphite target and at evaluating laser ablation induced changes, which are of fundamental importance in establishing the mechanisms responsible for the plasma emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma generated by IR CO2 pulsed laser on carbon targets

Camacho

Díaz

Santos

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Time-resolved optical emission analysis was carried out for the plasma plume, produced by high-power tunable IR CO2 pulsed laser ablation of graphite, at λ=10.591 μm and in a regime of relatively high laser fluences (123–402 J/cm2). Wavelength-dispersed spectra of the plasma plume, at medium-vacuum conditions (4 Pa) and at 9.0 mm from the target, show ionized species (C+, C2+, C3+, C4+, N2+ , N+, and O+), neutral atoms (C, H, N, and O), and neutral diatomic molecules (C2, CN, OH, CH, and N2). In this work, we focus our attention on the temporal evolution of different atomic/ionic and molecular species over a broad spectral range from 190 to 1000 nm. The results show a faster decay for ionic fragments than for neutral atomic and molecular species. The velocity and kinetic energy distributions for different species were obtained from time-of-flight measurements using time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy. Possible mechanisms for the production of these distributions are discussed. Excitation temperature, electron density, and vibrational temperature in the laser-induced plasma were estimated from the analysis of spectral data at various times from the laser pulse incidence.

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A study of molecule formation during laser ablation of graphite in low-pressure nitrogen

Cited by 132 publications

References 29 publications

Interaction of ambient nitrogen gas and laser ablated carbon plume: Formation of CN

Interaction of ambient nitrogen gas and laser ablated carbon plume: Formation of CN

Carbon-atom wires produced by nanosecond pulsed laser deposition in a background gas

Temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma generated by IR CO2 pulsed laser on carbon targets

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