A Study of Nafion‐Coated Bismuth‐Film Electrode for the Determination of Zinc, Lead, and Cadmium in Blood Samples

Liu, Benzhi; Lü, Lei; Wang, Min; Zi, Yanqin

doi:10.1002/elan.200804333

Cited by 57 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Compared with literatures, the detection limit in this study was similar with bismuth-modified carbon nanotube electrode [27]. However, it was higher than NafionCoated bismuth film electrode [33,34]. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of 5 measurements of 50.0 mg L À1 Cd(II) and Zn(II) at the same modified electrode were 4.8% and 4.9%, respectively.…”

Section: Calibration Curvessupporting

confidence: 37%

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a MWCNTs–NaDBS Modified Stannum Film Electrode

Tian

Luo

2009

Electroanalysis

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A multiwalled carbon nanotubes -sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (MWCNTs -NaDBS) modified stannum film electrode was employed for the determination of cadmium(II) and zinc(II). The Sn/MWCNTs-NaDBS film electrode was prepared by applying MWCNTs -NaDBS suspension to the surface of the GCE, while the Sn film was plated in situ simultaneously with the target metal ions. Under optimal conditions, linear calibration curves were obtained in a range of 5.0 À 100.0 mg L À1 with detection limits of 0.9 mg L À1 for zinc(II) and 0.8 mg L À1 for cadmium(II), respectively. This film electrode was successfully applied to the determination of Zn(II) and Cd(II) in tap water sample.

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Section: Calibration Curvessupporting

confidence: 37%

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a MWCNTs–NaDBS Modified Stannum Film Electrode

Tian

Luo

2009

Electroanalysis

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“…The following examples are not conclusive, but illustrate the diverse range of analytical samples that have already been the subject of analytical investigations using BiEs. The application of BiEs to medical samples has included monitoring the release of zinc from pancreatic islets [43], the determination of cobalt and nickel in aqueous humor (from the human eye) and cerebrospinal fluid [85], the analysis of blood samples [24,41,133] and the analysis of urine [23,38,87]. Great diversity exists in the use of BiEs for the determination of heavy metals in food samples including wine and fruit juice [28,37,74,139,150,169,188], various vegetable samples (potato and maize [77], sugar cane [142], garlic [144], cabbage, lettuce and celery [160]), meat samples (sausage, tuna and sardines [186]) and other samples including tomato sauce [28], tea leaves [64,116] and tobacco [33].…”

Section: Real Analytical Applications Of Biesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of permanent interest was the reliable configuration of the bismuth film-plated glassy carbon electrode ("BiF-GCE"; e.g. [127,133,138,142,144,160,162]), other reports offered the newly proposed combinations ("BiFPtE" [163] and "BiF-CuE" [132]), or even the alreadydescribed arrangements such as "BiBE" [130] (with its mixed variant, "Bi/Au-BE" [131]), bismuth film-plated and bismuth powder-modified carbon paste electrodes ("BiFCPEs" and "Bi-CPEs" [147,164], including a new zeolitedoped configuration [143]), Bi-nanopowder-containing boron-doped diamond or thick-film graphite electrode, Bi(n)-BDDE [130] and Bi(n)-TFGE [149], respectively, plus some innovative miniaturized constructions [148,161]. Together with routine electroanalytical testing and application, in focus were the bismuth microlayers [128 -130, 132, 148, 151], when using UV-vis reflectant spectroelectrochemistry (SPEC [138]), or electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS [144]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New or innovated methods for the triad of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) had included their determination in model solutions [129,130,146,148,157,161], natural (often river) [137, 139, 145, 153 -156], tap [134,135,139,143,151,159], and industrial waste waters [128,134,141], white wine [139], soil extracts [141,154], synthetic fertilizer [145], vegetables [160,163], medicinal herbs [162], or even in whole blood [133]. Other metal and metalloid species included Tl(I) ion and its determination in the presence of EDTA [149], Fe(III) in seawater [136], Co(II) and /or Ni(II) in river and spiked waters [140,152], or As(III) in river and seawater specimens [158].…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Decade with Bismuth‐Based Electrodes in Electroanalysis

et al. 2010

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In this article, the decade of electroanalysis with bismuth-based electrodes is reviewed (with 222 refs.). Emphasis is put on the environmentally friendly ("green") character of bismuth electrodes, their versatility and variability in use, as well as the actual classification of the individual types of electrodes, sensors, and detectors that utilize the unique properties of metallic bismuth. Of particular interest is the genesis of the field, when the respective activities and achievements are monitored year by year over the whole period of 2000 -2009, including the circumstances of the introduction of bismuth-coated electrodes into electrochemical stripping analysis. The review highlights all the significant milestones and break-points that had directed the experimental work around the globe, outlining the present days position of this lively, inspiring, and still highly prospective area. Finally, it provides a special insight into electroanalysis with bismuth electrodes through numerous surveys, summaries, and detailed statistical data obtained by analyzing the accessible literature database.

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“…However, such requirements are greatly met with electrochemical methods. Recently, cathodic stripping voltammetry in the presence of mixed ligands [13], differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry [14,15] and anodic stripping voltammetry [16] with ultrasensitive detection limits are reported for the simultaneous determination of zinc and cadmium and some other metals. On the other hand, the major interference…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive Simultaneous Quantification of Nanomolar Level of Cd and Zn by Cathodic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry in Some Real Samples

2010

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A novel, simple and sensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetry method was developed for simultaneous determination of Cd and Zn using N-Nitrozo-N-phenylhydroxylamine (Cupferron) as a selective complexing agent. Cadmium and zinc metals gave peaks that were distinctly separated by 450-1200 mV, allowing their determination over a wide range of concentrations. The influence of pH and the nature of supporting electrolytes, concentration of ligand, preconcentration time and applied potential were investigated. The detection limits were 0.058 ng/mL for Zn and 0.092 ng/mL for Cd, and the RSD at a concentration level of 50 ppb, were 1.8-2.1 % for both zinc and cadmium, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of cadmium and zinc in blood, drug, food and water samples with the satisfactory results. Zinc is a metal of prime environmental concern. Cadmium is among the toxic metal of significance for environmental surveillance, food control and occupational medicine, toxicology and hygiene. To study the environmental problems and environmental control, simple and sufficiently sensitive methods for the determination of these and other metals are necessary. A few methods allow the simultaneous determination of metals in real samples, mainly voltammetric methods [1-6] and chromatographic method [7]. For the simultaneous determination of trace elements in real samples, (foods samples, drug samples, water, etc.), voltammetric techniques are very suitable owing to their high sensitivity and relative simplicity and because only very simple pretreatment of the sample is required [8]. Stripping electrochemical techniques such as anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) can be used to simultaneously measure Cd and Zn in solution. These techniques combine low maintenance costs with high sensitivity and selectivity that allows the determination of low levels of metals without prior treatment of the sample. Linear-scan ASV has been applied to the direct determination of toxic metals in untreated solutions of sugar and PSA has been used for metal determinations in digested solutions of oils, tea and sugar [5].The applications of adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) in the determination of trace and ultratrace metals have been reviewed elsewhere [9]. One of the future trends in AdSV is multi-element analysis and two or three metals can be determined in a single scan owing to the metal specificity of the ligands. The advantages and disadvantages of advanced electroanalytical techniques versus AAS, ICP-AES and ICP-MS in environmental analysis have been reviewed elsewhere [10]. Recently several analytical techniques such as flame atomic absorption spectroscopy [11], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [12] with ultra sensitive detection limits are reported for quantification of zinc and cadmium. However maintains and operational costs of these techniques are expensive and require adequate expertise. Therefore, the analysis is often limited to laboratory level. Since rel...

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A Study of Nafion‐Coated Bismuth‐Film Electrode for the Determination of Zinc, Lead, and Cadmium in Blood Samples

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a MWCNTs–NaDBS Modified Stannum Film Electrode

Simultaneous Determination of Trace Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Using a MWCNTs–NaDBS Modified Stannum Film Electrode

A Decade with Bismuth‐Based Electrodes in Electroanalysis

Ultrasensitive Simultaneous Quantification of Nanomolar Level of Cd and Zn by Cathodic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry in Some Real Samples

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