A Study of Narcissism, Affiliation, Intimacy, and Power Motives among Students in Business Administration

Carroll, Lynne

doi:10.2466/pr0.1987.61.2.355

Cited by 150 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The first is control: High narcissists have an inflated sense of personal control over their environment (Watson, Sawrie, & Biderman, 1991). The second is power: Narcissism is associated with a heightened need for status and power (Bradlee & Emmons, 1992;Carroll, 1987). The third is achievement: High narcissists have high expectations for themselves (Farwell & Wohlwend-Lloyd, 1998), and high selfefficacy is linked with high need for achievement (Pajares, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy?: Self-esteem matters.

Sedikides

Rudich

Gregg

et al. 2004

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

601

429

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Five studies established that normal narcissism is correlated with good psychological health. Specifically, narcissism is (a) inversely related to daily sadness and dispositional depression, (b) inversely related to daily and dispositional loneliness, (c) positively related to daily and dispositional subjective well-being as well as couple well-being, (d) inversely related to daily anxiety, and (e) inversely related to dispositional neuroticism. More important, self-esteem fully accounted for the relation between narcissism and psychological health. Thus, narcissism is beneficial for psychological health only insofar as it is associated with high self-esteem. Explanations of the main and mediational findings in terms of response or social desirability biases (e.g., defensiveness, repression, impression management) were ruled out. Supplementary analysis showed that the links among narcissism, self-esteem, and psychological health were preponderantly linear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy?: Self-esteem matters.

Sedikides

Rudich

Gregg

et al. 2004

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

601

429

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“…Indeed, narcissists can be charismatic when it suits them, but evidence suggests that they are mostly indifferent to interpersonal relationships except as an avenue for self-enhancement. For example, they have low intimacy striving, are generally blind to others' perspectives, and lack empathy (Carroll, 1987;Watson, Grisham, Trotter, & Biderman, 1984). In addition, they have inflated self-views and tend to think they are better than others (Campbell, Reeder, Sedikides, & Elliot, 2000;Farwell & Wohlwend-Lloyd, 1998;Gabriel, Critelli, & Ee, 1994;John & Robins, 1994;Robins & John, 1997).…”

Section: Potential Moderatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, narcissism is associated with a deep yearning for leadership roles (Carroll, 1987;Raskin & Novacek, 1991). Narcissists' innate desire for status and power may lead them to hold more leadership roles partly because they self-nominate for available leadership positions (Hogan, Raskin, & Fazzini, 1990).…”

Section: Narcissism and Leadershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissism: An Integrative Synthesis and Dominance Complementarity Model

Grijalva

Harms

2014

AMP

196

191

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“…They also report diminished empathy (Watson, Grisham, Trotter, & Biderman, 1984). Finally, they report a lesser need for intimacy than do nonnarcissists (Carroll, 1987). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, narcissists are interested in self-enhancing or maintaining esteem (Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001;Raskin, Novacek, & Hogan, 1991b). They often accomplish this by seeking and expressing superiority to or dominance over others (Bradlee & Emmons, 1992;Carroll, 1987;Emmons, 1984;Raskin, Novacek, & Hogan, 1991a, 1991bRaskin & Terry, 1988). They augment their sense of superiority to others by drawing attention to themselves (Rudich, 2001) or by performing exhibitionistic acts (Buss & Chiodo, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does self-love lead to love for others? A story of narcissistic game playing.

Campbell¹,

Foster²,

Finkel³

2002

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

362

279

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Five studies investigated the links among narcissism, self-esteem, and love. Across all studies, narcissism was associated primarily with a game-playing love style. This link was found in reports of general love styles (Study 1a) and of love in ongoing romantic relationships 5). Narcissists' gameplaying love style was the result of a need for power and autonomy (Study 2) and was linked with greater relationship alternatives and lesser commitment (Study 3). Finally, narcissists' self-reports of game playing were confirmed by their partners in past and current relationships (Studies 4, 5). In contrast, self-esteem was negatively linked to manic love and positively linked to passionate love across studies. Implications for the understanding of narcissism in relationships are discussed.If you do not love yourself, you will be unable to love others. (Popular belief quoted by Branden, 1994) There are a whole lot of hearts breakin' tonight from the disease of conceit.-Bob Dylan, "Disease of Conceit" It is popularly believed that self-love is a necessary prerequisite for loving others. As exemplified by the first quote above, this belief permeates the realm of self-help literature (Branden, 1994). At a societal level, this belief may be linked to the self-esteem movement (itself an offshoot of the human potential movement), which has promoted positive self-views as a panacea for a range of social ills from unemployment to violence and teenage pregnancy (Mecca, Smelser, & Vasconcellos, 1989). There are several explanations for why self-love should promote love for others. Perhaps individuals who do not love themselves do not believe that others can love them and thus avoid healthy love relationships. Or perhaps if individuals do not love themselves, they select bad relationships as part of an overall self-destructive strategy. Of course, the presumed link between self-love and love for others may also reflect a misinterpretation of causation. When people love others, they grow in love for themselves-at least if the love is returned.In short, there is a popular belief that loving the self is a net positive for loving others, but the exact causal chain remains unclear (W. K. Campbell & Baumeister, 2001).A second and historically older position suggests quite a different view of self-love. As noted in the second quote above, it is believed that self-love can actually prevent or even be harmful for romantic relationships. This position was described most colorfully by the ancient Greeks in the story of Narcissus. Narcissus was the personification of self-love: He saw himself as beautiful and better than those around him. Unfortunately, it was precisely this self-love that kept Narcissus from forming loving relationships with others. He wandered the country looking for the ideal partner (one potential partner, Echo, had her heart broken by Narcissus), but he fell in love with his own image reflected in a pool of water and died. Clearly, the Greeks saw self-love as an impediment to loving others as well as a source of sufferi...

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A Study of Narcissism, Affiliation, Intimacy, and Power Motives among Students in Business Administration

Cited by 150 publications

References 8 publications

Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy?: Self-esteem matters.

Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy?: Self-esteem matters.

Narcissism: An Integrative Synthesis and Dominance Complementarity Model

Does self-love lead to love for others? A story of narcissistic game playing.

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