A Study of Plasma Fibrinogen Level in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Relation to Glycemic Control

Abstract

The high prevalence of classic cardiac risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus does not explain the increased cardiovascular related morbidity and mortality in these patients. Fibrinogen may have a role in this excess risk. This study is undertaken to know the fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relations to glycemic control. In the present study fibrinogen levels (Clauss method) were estimated in 100 type 2 diabetic subjects and 100 age and sex matched controls. Fibrinogen was correlated with various parameters like glycosylated hemoglobin (cation exchange resin method), age, sex, smoking, body mass index (kg/m 2 ), hypertension and ischemic heart disease. Higher plasma fibrinogen levels were found in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (656 ± 130 mg/dl) as compared to controls (324 ± 139 mg/dl) which were statistically significant. Fibrinogen levels were associated with age (P \ 0.01), hypertension (P \ 0.01), body mass index (P \ 0.01), smoking (P \ 0.01), ischemic heart disease (P \ 0.01), and glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0.49) in diabetics in a significant manner. But no correlation was found with sex (P \ 0.05) in diabetes. In controls, association was found between fibrinogen levels and smoking (P \ 0.01) and body mass index (P \ 0.01). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had a high prevalence of hyperfibrinogenemia. Fibrinogen levels were independently associated with hemoglobin A1c values, which suggests that fibrinogen may be involved in the increased cardiovascular risk of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Study of plasma fibrinogen level and its relation to glycemic control in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetes clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Madhya Pradesh, India

“…James et al and Bembde AS et al found fibrinogen to be higher in diabetic patients than the control. 17,20 They also showed fibrinogen to be higher in patients with coronary artery disease than without the disease.…”

“…The various mechanism by which fibrinogen has been found to promote atherosclerosis and thrombosis are (a) hyperfibrinogenemia increases plasma viscosity, (b) it induces reversible RBC aggregation, (c) it binds it receptors on platelet membrane and causes platelet aggregation, (d) it forms fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) which in turn bind LDL and sequester more fibrinogen and (e) fibrinogen and FDPs stimulate smooth cell proliferation and migration. 17,18 All these factors result in increased atherogenesity in patients of hyperfibrinogenemia i.e., diabetes and cause coronary artery disease. Besides, fibrinogen levels were found to be associated with age, smoking, HTN, BMI, glycemic control and IHD.…”

Modulatory Effect of Lovastatin on Therapeutic Efficiency of Conventional Antidiabetics on Pancreatic and Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes

“…Additionally, FBG degradation products bind LDL, thus enhancing dyslipidemia, and stimulate cell proliferation and migration, thus enhancing inflammatory cascades 37 . Finally, results of the present work revealed that STZ-induced leucocytosis was improved by LOVA addition to MET or GLIC to degrees significantly better than either drug alone (Table 3).…”

Obesity is Linked with Inflammation-Evaluation of Subclinical Inflammatory Status in Obese Patients

“…The only statistically significant correlation was recorded for the proportional regression of leptin serum values in relation to those of HOMA-IR (p=0.04). Current literature unambiguously supports the link between hyperfibrinogenemia and DM II and this correlation is considered one of the main pathogenic factors involved in micro-and macroangiopathic complications of DM II development [8,9].…”