A study of the budding ofSaccharomyces uvarum Beijerinck with the scanning electron microscope

Belin, Jean‐Marc

doi:10.1007/bf02328103

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…2F), whereas a much less conspicuous "birth scar" may be noticed on the daughter cell (not shown, see ref. 4). The electron-lucent areas, both in the lateral region and in the middle of the bud scar, correspond to the initial thickening of the cell wall and to the primary septum, respectively, and appear to consist of chitin (5, 7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyoxin D on Chitin Synthesis and Septum Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1974

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The normal sequence of cell separation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae begins with the formation of a primary septum, presumably consisting of chitin, on which secondary septa are later deposited. In the presence of the antibiotic polyoxin D, a potent inhibitor of chitin synthetase, pairs of abnormal cells of two different types were observed by phase-contrast microscopy: the “exploded pair,” consisting of two lysed cells from which the cytoplasm had been extruded at the cell junction, and the “refringent pair,” consisting of two highly refractile cells joined by a thin bridge. Thus, in both cases the septal region appears to be affected. Observations with the electron microscope showed that the primary chitin septum was not formed in either of these cell types, and as a consequence secondary septa of varying thicknesses were laid down in an abnormal pattern. With [ 3 H]glucose as carbon source the incorporation of tritium into the chitin of abnormal cells was inhibited about 90%, whereas the labeling of mannan was normal and that of glucan somewhat reduced. The effective concentrations of polyoxin D (0.1 to 1 mg/ml) were much greater than those required to inhibit chitin synthesis in vitro. Dimethylsulfoxide and amphotericin B, both known to increase cell permeability, enhanced the action of the antibiotic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyoxin D on Chitin Synthesis and Septum Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1974

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“…We have verified this by in vivo observation of CTS1 mRNA, which encodes the secreted protein chitinase (Figure 2); interestingly, when expressed, the CTS1 mRNA co‐localizes with an ER marker, consistent with the secreted proteins being translated directly into the secretory system (Diehn et al, 2000). Another consequence of the daughter cell‐specific localization of Ace2p is that the junction between the mother and daughter cells is essentially digested away from the daughter cell side, explaining why birth scars are much less conspicuous than bud scars (Belin, 1972; Bowers et al, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutations in a small region of the exportin Crm1p disrupt the daughter cell‐specific nuclear localization of the transcription factor Ace2p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Bourens

Racki

Bécam

et al. 2008

Biology of the Cell

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Background information. The CBK1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a protein kinase that is a member of the NDR (nuclear Dbf2-related) family of protein kinases, which are involved in morphogenesis and cell proliferation. Previous studies have shown that deletion of CBK1 leads to a loss of polarity and the formation of large aggregates of cells. This aggregation phenotype is due to the loss of the daughter cell-specific accumulation of the transcription factor Ace2p, which is responsible for the transcription of genes whose products are necessary for the final separation of the mother and the daughter at the end of cell division.Results. We show that the daughter cell-specific localization of Ace2p does not occur via a specific localization of the ACE2 mRNA and that, in vivo, the transcription of CTS1, one of the principal targets of Ace2p, is daughter cell-specific. We have shown that extragenic suppressors of the cbk1 aggregation phenotype are located in the nuclear exportin CRM1 and ACE2. These mutations disrupt the interaction of Ace2p and Crm1p, thus impairing Ace2p export and resulting in the accumulation of the protein in both mother and daughter cell nuclei.Conclusions. We propose that in the daughter cell nucleus Cbk1p phosphorylates the Ace2p nuclear export signal, and that this phosphorylation blocks the export of Ace2p via Crm1p, thus promoting the daughter cell-specific nuclear accumulation of Ace2p.

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“…This explains a long-noted observation: mother cells are left with a chitin-rich remnant of the septum called the "bud scar" after separation, while daughter cells have a region of new cell wall material at the corresponding site referred to as the "birth scar" (Belin 1972;Powell et al 2003). This asymmetry reflects exclusive expression of septum destruction proteins in the newly born daughter cell, via mechanisms discussed in part 3.…”

Section: Septum Destructionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mitotic Exit and Separation of Mother and Daughter Cells

2012

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Productive cell proliferation involves efficient and accurate splitting of the dividing cell into two separate entities. This orderly process reflects coordination of diverse cytological events by regulatory systems that drive the cell from mitosis into G1. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, separation of mother and daughter cells involves coordinated actomyosin ring contraction and septum synthesis, followed by septum destruction. These events occur in precise and rapid sequence once chromosomes are segregated and are linked with spindle organization and mitotic progress by intricate cell cycle control machinery. Additionally, critical parts of the mother/daughter separation process are asymmetric, reflecting a form of fate specification that occurs in every cell division. This chapter describes central events of budding yeast cell separation, as well as the control pathways that integrate them and link them with the cell cycle.

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A study of the budding ofSaccharomyces uvarum Beijerinck with the scanning electron microscope

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Polyoxin D on Chitin Synthesis and Septum Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Effect of Polyoxin D on Chitin Synthesis and Septum Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mutations in a small region of the exportin Crm1p disrupt the daughter cell‐specific nuclear localization of the transcription factor Ace2p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mitotic Exit and Separation of Mother and Daughter Cells

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