A study of the effect of mechanical preloads on hysteresis loop of magnetorheological elastomers

Abstract

In this work, an investigation of the effect of mechanical preloads on the hysteresis loop of composite soft magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) was carried out. MRE is a “smart” composite material that consists of magnetically permeable particles in a non-magnetic polymeric elastomer. When subjected to an external magnetic field, a large deformational change occurs in the mechanical properties of these materials. Due to their coupled magnetomechanical response, these materials have been found suitable for various engineering applications. Inspired by experimental work, we present a model of the effect of mechanical preloads on the magnetization response of MRE based on a general continuum formulation. Using the Jiles - Atherton (JA) model parameters derived from the fitting of experimental measurement, the hysteresis loop of isotropic MRE was numerically resolved, which was then coupled to mechanical fields based on an energetically constitutive model valid for finitely strained MREs. Simulation analysis is performed for uniaxial stresses parallel to the direction of the applied magnetic field. For the applied tensile and compressive stresses, only a small change is observed in the hysteresis loop of these materials. Additionally, microscale modeling of the magnetization behavior of the isotropic MRE based on experimental results was performed. Considering the interaction between the magnetic particles, the magnetic and mechanical fields are resolved explicitly inside the composite material. A computational homogenization scheme was utilized to relate the microscopic behavior to the effective macroscopic properties of the MRE. In principle, the predicted effective magnetization behavior is observed to agree with the measured hysteresis loop of MRE materials.

Temperature-Dependent Magnetic Properties of Magnetorheological Elastomers

“…5. Here, 70wt% is selected since similar weight fraction has been used for analysis in our previous studies [3], [19]. In the following when we refer to susceptibility, differential volume susceptibility is implied.…”

“…Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a class of smart composites that consists of magnetic polarizable particles dispersed in a non-magnetic elastomeric matrix [1]- [3]. The presence of magnetic particles in these materials couple the rheological properties of the elastomer to external magnetic field.…”

Investigation of Macroscopic Mechanical Behavior of Magnetorheological Elastomers under Shear Deformation Using Microscale Representative Volume Element Approach

“…They used a linear material model to describe the nonlinear hyper-elastic behavior of the host elastomeric matrix, and the linear magnetic model was used to describe the magnetic properties of CIP, thus ignoring the saturation. Kiarie et al [25] adopted a 2D RVE approach using COMSOL to predict the magnetic field-induced strain in MREs, and they employed the Mooney-Rivlin nonlinear material model for the host rubber; however, their problem did not include any mechanical load or displacement imposed on the RVE. Li et al [26] studied the magnetic field-induced shear behavior of MREs using a 2D RVE approach in COMSOL for both isotropic and anisotropic MREs; however, they assumed the magnetic particles (hydroxy iron powder) to have a very high relative permeability of 5000, and the silicone rubber behavior to be like a linear elastic matrix.…”

Design and development of magnetorheological elastomers for active vibration reduction in vehicles

“…the property of MREs to change their shapes under externally applied field. This property is the so-called magnetostriction, which differs from the intrinsic magnetostriction of ferromagnetic particles [75]. Such applications include actuators and haptic devices [76,77] .…”