A study of the energy dependence for the multiplicity of shower particles produced in a ¹⁶O–emulsion interaction in the framework of the Coulomb-modified Glauber model

Abstract

The total reaction cross sections for the interaction of 16 O with emulsion nuclei ( 16 O-Em) at energies: 0.2, 2.1, 3.6, 14.6, 60.0, and 200.0A GeV have been calculated in the framework of the Coulomb-modified Glauber model. A similar calculation in case of proton-emulsion (p-Em) interactions is carried out at the same energies. For both types of interactions, the corresponding projectile and target participants beside the corresponding binary collisions have been calculated for the same energies. Then the averages of these quantities have been obtained. These averages have been used in the calculations of the corresponding average multiplicity of the shower particles (s-particles) in the case of the 16 O-Em interaction. The agreement between the calculated total reaction cross sections and the corresponding experimental data is quite good. Also, a good agreement between the calculated average multiplicities of the shower particles and the corresponding experimental data has been obtained. Résumé: Utilisant le modèle de Glauber avec modification coulombienne, nous avons calculé les sections efficaces totales pour l'interaction 16 O avec les noyaux d'une émulsion ( 16 O-Em) aux énergies 0,2A, 2,1A, 3,6A, 14,6A et 200A GeV. Nous faisons simultanément un calcul similaire pour le cas proton-émulsion aux mêmes énergies. Dans les deux cas, nous avons calculé aux mêmes énergies les participants des projectile et cible en plus des collisions binaires correspondantes. Nous avons évalué les moyennes de ces quantités, qui ont été utilisées dans le calcul des multiplicités moyennes correspondantes du jet sortant de particules (shower) dans le cas 16 O-Em. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

Analysis of Various Projectile Interactions with Nuclear Emulsion Detector Nuclei at ~1 GeV per Nucleon Using Coulomb Modified Glauber Model

“…Many workers have applied CMGM in theory and experiment, and successfully calculated the total nuclear reaction cross-sections. These calculated values are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results [5,27].…”

“…Here r 0 parameter is related to the slope of the nucleonnucleon differential scattering crosssection. Integrate the equation (3) with respect to the z P , z T , b T and b P , the phase shift function χ(b), for nucleonnucleus interaction are given as [2,5,6,21]…”

“…In figure 5, The calculated and experimental values for 16 O 32 projectile are taken from Ref. [5]. It can be seen from the figure 5 that the calculated nuclear reaction cross-section for 16 Using the CMGM approaches, we have also calculated the average number of projectile participants (P proj ), target participants (P targ ) and binary collision (B C ) over the different constituents of nuclear emulsion detector for the interaction of different projectiles.…”

“…In the heavy-ion collision, the projectile nuclei or hadrons interact with a target nucleus to produce the multi-particles and these particle productions should be considered as two different steps [5]. In the initial step, the interacting projectile nuclei mainly interacts with the primary reaction and completely overlap with the target nucleus and then leave the projectile-target participant region without any further interaction.…”

“…(30 < E < 400 MeV). Due to the consequence of these two different steps, the hadron production is not an instantaneous process and it will take certain time, which is said to be creation time [5]. The excited target residuals nucleus come back to the initial state by losing their energy and attain thermal equilibrium by emitting the nuclear material in the form of fragments.…”