A study of the formation and self-lubrication mechanisms of boric acid films on boric oxide coatings

Erdemir, Ali; Fenske, G.R.; Erck, R.A.

doi:10.1016/0257-8972(90)90003-u

Cited by 100 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…16 The boric oxide coating can also generate a boric acid layer in the atmosphere under humid conditions to produce a lubricious effect. 16,17 A transmission fluid with boric acid provides excellent lubrication. 18 The boric acid layer also forms as a transformation product during high temperature treatment of boron based coatings in the presence of moisture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication

Vadiraj

Kamaraj

Sreenivasan

2012

Surface Engineering

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Sliding counter bodies frequently undergo boundary lubrication at lubricant starved areas with dominated surface interaction under dry sliding condition. The effect of sliding speed (1?0-2?5 m s 21 ) on the friction and wear performance of nitrided martensitic stainless steel in the presence of dry lubricants like boric acid and MoS 2 has been investigated, and the results are presented in this work. Under dry condition, wear loss increases and friction coefficient decreases with sliding speeds. The lubricant coated samples show minimal wear loss at all sliding speeds (2?5 m s 21 ). The friction coefficient shows a decreasing trend for the MoS 2 coated sample, while the boric acid coated sample shows an increasing trend. This is possibly due to the temperature induced conversion of boric acid to boric oxide. The fine debris mixture formed during sliding may also pin the lamellar shearing of solid lubricants to increase friction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication

Vadiraj

Kamaraj

Sreenivasan

2012

Surface Engineering

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“…Boric acid is a layered material with a specific structure, in which the atoms are covalently bonded to each other, and the layers are weakly bonded. When the layers are stressed, they shear and slide over one another easily, providing low friction [47,48]. Kapadia [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Alkylborate–Dithiocarbamate Lubricant Additives: Synthesis and Tribophysical Characterization

2011

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Boron-based lubricant additives have recently received significant attention, because of their wearreducing and frictional properties and low pollution. At the same time, dithiocarbamate complexes with different metals have a long history of being used as multifunctional additives to lubricants. In this study, novel, environmentally friendly additives containing alkylborate and dithiocarbamate groups with alkyl or methylbenzyl substitutes in one molecule were studied. Tribological tests were performed with the additives admixed in a mineral oil using steel-on-steel contacts in a four-ball tribometer. Borate derivatives of different dithiocarbamate ligands were synthesized by several step reactions to investigate tribochemical properties of boron, sulfur, and nitrogen combined in one selected compound. Viscous liquid products were characterized by multinuclear 1 H, 13 C, and 11 B NMR spectroscopy. The surface morphology and the elemental composition of the tribofilms were investigated using an optical profiler and scanning electron microscopy/ energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). It was found that some of these novel compounds provide better antiwear performance and similar frictional properties compared with a commercially available ZnDTP package. Traces of sulfur in the tribofilms formed with both 0.2 and 1.0 wt% of alkylborate-dithiocarbamate compounds in a mineral oil were detected with EDS.

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“…This claim was attributed to the seminal work on the lubricity of boron and its oxides by Ali Erdemir and his team at Argonne National Laboratory. 4 If demonstrated, this would open the door for tribological applications for these boron rich coatings. The idea is that, in a moisture containing environment, mostly free boron would react with air to form a surface oxide and then the oxide would react with the moisture to form a hydroxide layer, which acts as a solid lubricant.…”

Section: Guest Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each layer, the B, O and H atoms are closely packed and bonded to each other with mostly covalent bonds, while the layers are held together with the weaker van der Waals' forces. 4 It is the freedom of the layers to slide with respect to each other that produces the lubricity in this model. In other words, it acts very much like graphite.…”

Section: Guest Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea is that, in a moisture containing environment, mostly free boron would react with air to form a surface oxide and then the oxide would react with the moisture to form a hydroxide layer, which acts as a solid lubricant. 4 The reaction involved is The lubricity of boric acid has been attributed to its tendency to forming a triclinic crystal structure made up of atomic layers parallel to the basal plane. In each layer, the B, O and H atoms are closely packed and bonded to each other with mostly covalent bonds, while the layers are held together with the weaker van der Waals' forces.…”

Section: Guest Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The challenge and opportunity to move amorphous boron suboxides toward commercial surface engineering applications

Klepper

2007

Surface Engineering

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Boron suboxides are a class of boron rich solids, in which the icosahedral structures that boron usually forms (i.e. B 12 units) are interconnected through a few (typically two or less) oxygen atoms (Fig. 1). A more liberal definition would include any B-O compound that is more boron rich than B 2 O 3 . However, in this discussion with limit the definition to B x O, with x56 or higher.These materials were first produced in bulk at ultrahigh pressures and early studies (1980s) showed that they can reach hardness values comparable with diamond, 1 i.e. ,60 GPa. The first wave of interest in surface engineering applications was in the mid-to late 1990s and resulted from a US Department of Energy initiative aimed at super hard materials. Under this programme, boron suboxides were successfully deposited in the form of thin films by a team at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). 2,3 Although the main motivation for this development was the promise of super high hardness, this material was also singled out for it equally important promise of self-generated lubricity. This claim was attributed to the seminal work on the lubricity of boron and its oxides by Ali Erdemir and his team at Argonne National Laboratory. 4 If demonstrated, this would open the door for tribological applications for these boron rich coatings. The idea is that, in a moisture containing environment, mostly free boron would react with air to form a surface oxide and then the oxide would react with the moisture to form a hydroxide layer, which acts as a solid lubricant. 4 The reaction involved isThe lubricity of boric acid has been attributed to its tendency to forming a triclinic crystal structure made up of atomic layers parallel to the basal plane. In each layer, the B, O and H atoms are closely packed and bonded to each other with mostly covalent bonds, while the layers are held together with the weaker van der Waals' forces. 4 It is the freedom of the layers to slide with respect to each other that produces the lubricity in this model. In other words, it acts very much like graphite.The ORNL deposition studies were important because they demonstrated that suboxides can be put down in the form of coatings and that they maintain a high hardness, even though they are amorphous in this form. In fact, the hardness values obtained in these studies showed values very close that the hardness of crystalline boron (,30 GPa, about three times as hard as sand). Perhaps more importantly, the studies showed that the modulus of these coatings was substantially (at least 30%) lower than that of crystalline boron (which is as high as 400 GPa). This high hardness to modulus (H/E) ratio is an important surface engineering figure of merit and essentially an indication of the impact resistance of the ceramic coating. Beyond this, these first studies were limited in their value to surface engineering applications, because the depositions were only on silicon and not on substrates of commercial interest, the studies did not include tribological characterisation to v...

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A study of the formation and self-lubrication mechanisms of boric acid films on boric oxide coatings

Cited by 100 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication

Novel Alkylborate–Dithiocarbamate Lubricant Additives: Synthesis and Tribophysical Characterization

The challenge and opportunity to move amorphous boron suboxides toward commercial surface engineering applications

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A study of the formation and self-lubrication mechanisms of boric acid films on boric oxide coatings

Cited by 100 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS2 lubrication

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS2 lubrication

Novel Alkylborate–Dithiocarbamate Lubricant Additives: Synthesis and Tribophysical Characterization

The challenge and opportunity to move amorphous boron suboxides toward commercial surface engineering applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication

Effect of sliding speed on wear behaviour of nitrided martensitic stainless steel under boric acid and MoS₂ lubrication