A Study of the Wages in the Spanish Energy Sector

Sánchez-Cubo, Francisco; Mondéjar-Jiménez, José; García-Pozo, Alejandro; Ceballos-Santamaría, Guillermo

doi:10.3390/en14134023

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This is even more relevant in the current context of low tourism activity caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which may allow the rethinking of some strategies to improve the different items considered in this study as latent variables. Said strategies must be proposed both from the private sector and from the institutions, independently and jointly, knowing the influence of both in the development of the tourism industry, especially through public policies (Sánchez-Cubo et al., 2021a, b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An approach to the defining factors of salaries in the Spanish tourist sector

Sánchez-Cubo

Mondéjar-Jiménez

García-Pozo

2023

ARLA

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PurposeThe importance of workers in labour-intensive industries, such as tourism, is undeniable. In this sense, it has been investigated for decades from various methodological approaches. However, in the academic literature on tourism, the partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique has hardly been used.Design/methodology/approachTherefore, this work uses that technique to contrast which factors define the employees' wages in the Spanish tourism industry. Additionally, an importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) analysis is carried out, which provides informed decision-making.FindingsThus, the main results obtained are the verification and measurement of the relationships of Human Capital, Labour Conditions and Market with Wages, and the relation between Human Capital and Labour Conditions. Besides, the improvement points in each variable are identified. Especial emphasis is given to those related to Human Capital and, partially, to the Market.Research limitations/implicationsHowever, there are certain limitations to this study. Mainly, as the indicators used are given by the 2018 Salary Structure Survey, they are stiff and so the design of the model turns to be more difficult.Originality/valueConsidering the turning point that the temporary cessation of the tourism industry activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic has been, it is essential to take advantage of it to identify and correct existing deficiencies. Therefore, this work aims to be a base document for the identification of these problems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2021), although its use is residual in its application to human resources in this industry, despite already used in other sectors (Medina-Garrido et al. , 2017; Sánchez-Cubo et al. , 2021a, b; Revilla-Camacho et al., 2022).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to the defining factors of salaries in the Spanish tourist sector

Sánchez-Cubo

Mondéjar-Jiménez

García-Pozo

2023

ARLA

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“…However, looking over the data and the jobs within the second professional group suggests that they should be divided into two. The resulting categories are as follows-CNO2 [47] codes, as classifiers of the job position, in brackets: first (11)(12)(13)(14)(15), second (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), third , and fourth (90-98).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it seems true that slight differences might exist between countries and/or regions [18][19][20] and between industries and sectors-e.g., the energy industry [21]. Regarding this, the scope of this work is to analyse the hospitality and tourism industries-defined as the subgroups of the accommodation and catering of the CNAE-09 [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keep It Simple: A Methodological Discussion of Wage Inequalities in the Spanish Hospitality Industry

et al. 2023

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Human capital in hospitality has been widely addressed by applying sophisticated econometric methods. However, for the Spanish case, there was a gap in the analyses as the crucial importance of collective agreements was undervalued. This paper redesigns the conceptualisation of the variables and applies a subsequent new classification to job positions, as it deals with the outliers at different levels of rigorousness. Then, linearised and quantile regressions were run for each case, obtaining an outcome of thirty values for each variable. The analyses and comparisons show the high importance of collective agreements on salaries, the noticeable low values of human capital variables, and provides additional information for the nationality and gender gaps, the latter strikingly high in upper professional categories. Overall, this paper demonstrates the importance of a proper study design to prevent advanced econometric models from falling into bias and it minimises the differences between methods.

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“…Besides, to complement the model results, this study also provides an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPMA) at the construct level, which allows informed decision-making (Hair et al 2018;Sánchez-Cubo et al 2021).…”

Section: Businessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural tourism accommodation performance in times of COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2023

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Two years after the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on rural tourism remain understudied. This paper aims to study the performance of rural accommodation businesses by assessing their environmental and health attitudes. Data on environmental and health measures and business performance perceptions were collected through a questionnaire completed by 1,794 managers, the largest dataset to date for rural tourism. A PLS-SEM model and Importance- Performance Analysis (IPMA) were run to assess both dimensions towards these businesses’ resilience. The main findings were that (1) environmental dimensions were relegated by COVID-19 ones affecting resilience and (2) the fulfilment of hygiene protocols and measures by guests and businesses were crucial in business resilience. The IPMA also allows informed decision-making by identifying relative importance and performance, supporting the PLS-SEM conclusions. In conclusion, the recent situation might have benefited rural tourism businesses thanks to their resilience and might be a chance to tackle rural tourism seasonality.

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A Study of the Wages in the Spanish Energy Sector

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

An approach to the defining factors of salaries in the Spanish tourist sector

An approach to the defining factors of salaries in the Spanish tourist sector

Keep It Simple: A Methodological Discussion of Wage Inequalities in the Spanish Hospitality Industry

Rural tourism accommodation performance in times of COVID-19 pandemic

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